Listen to the following dialogue and interpret it as required. After you hear a

A：国内生产总值也就是人们常说的GDP，是衡量一国经济发展水平的重要指标。每个季度，人们都会通过这个指标，把握经济运行状况。那么GDP是什么时候成为了如此重要的一个指标呢?
B: It got its present shape1 immediately after the Second World War. It was excellent at measuring the increasing output from factories that were mass producing consumer goods2 spreading around the populations of the Western world. So many of us experienced that. In my family, we got the television to watch the moon landing3. We got the telephone, the central heating and a car eventually.
A：难怪GDP被人们称为“二十世纪最伟大的发明之一”。但是，很多经济学家以及政策制定者都越来越认为，只看GDP会过于片面，让我们很容易把GDP和生活幸福指数混为一谈，您对此怎么看?
B: GDP is a good measure for mass-produced things, for example, shoes, but it doesn’t really care if all the shoes are the same. But as time has gone by, we have come to care more about the variety of things, the customization, the intangibility. And GDP just doesn’t say anything about that.
A：我最近读了一本介绍GDP历史的著作，书中指出了GDP的几个缺陷。我印象最深刻的是，发生地震、火灾、洪水之后要大量投资重建灾区，所以，灾难对GDP来说居然成了好消息。
B: Yes, that is a paradox that’s long been known. In GDP, there’s no accounting for the loss of those assets and the costs that they impose on people. And given the fact that we’re using natural resources to produce today’s consumption, we risk eating tomorrow’s capital and tomorrow’s consumption by consuming so much today.
A：随着经济的数字化程度越来越高、创新速度的加快和“无形服务”的丰富，GDP这一个指标不足以衡量经济社会的繁荣进步。那么，您认为，除了GDP，我们还应该关注哪些东西呢?比如人力资本、自然资源等，对吗?
B: Yes, we need to pay attention to the things that were overlooked a lot during those high GDP years—the different kinds of assets that people need to lead the kind of lives that they want to. Money’s part of that. Also what economists call human capital. I would add the infrastructure, and the natural resources. And finally, what we in the jargon call social capital—How well able is your community to take collective decisions.
A：所以这本书也是在提醒人们不能舍本逐末，虽然GDP的作用不可替代，但它不是万能的。
B: Exactly.