首页
登录
职称英语
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
游客
2023-08-17
36
管理
问题
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the economy as a whole. It is what the 18th-century Scottish economist Adam Smith described as the " invisible hand". But evolutionary biologists have come to see cooperation and selflessness as a big part of our【C1】______as a species. During the course of our evolution, they point out, cooperative groups【C2】______outcompeted groups of cheats.
So we are inherently cooperative when operating within our own groups. We have also【C3】______social mechanisms to reinforce actions that benefit the group. "You could say teamwork at the scale of small groups is the signature【C4】______of our species," says evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson from Binghamton University in New York.
But【C5】______teamwork can include a competition mechanism to promote actions that benefit the group, particularly in larger groups. It’s also important to remember that in-group cooperation evolved partly in response to competition between groups.
This evolutionary perspective is radically new to economics, and it could be relevant to grand-scale economic problems that require solutions involving cooperation between nations. Take the challenge of getting nations to work together over economic solutions to climate change—a【C6】______focus in the run-up to climate negotiations in Paris, France, later this year. This is a gargantuan(巨大的)problem from any perspective, but it is【C7】______an issue of coordination for the sake of the common good at a massive scale, says Wilson. " The challenge is therefore to【C8】______at larger scales the coordination and control that takes place more spontaneously at smaller scales," he says—from multicellular(多细胞的)organisms to village-sized groups of humans.
"Morality evolved out of cooperation within and competition between groups, so when acting as a single group to tackle global problems we will have to【C9】______the role of natural selection ourselves," Wilson says. This might involve pursuing a wide variety of【C10】______, identifying those that work best, and then creating incentives to cooperate on implementation. " In some ways it’s the opposite of the invisible hand. "
A)adaptation I)particular
B)assume J)promptly
C)compel K)remarkable
D)consistently L)rumor
E)developed M)strategies
F)effective N)success
G)essentially O)suspicion
H)implement [br] 【C2】
选项
答案
D
解析
空格所在句主谓宾结构齐全,据此可判断应填入副词,作状语。前一句中提到,进化生物学家们认为合作与无私才能给人们带来成功,此句承接上一句说明,在人类进化过程中,能够相互合作的团队——能够胜过那些相互间欺诈的团队,故答案为D)consistently“一贯地”。备选项中,G)essentially“实质上,本质上”和J)promptly“立即”两个副词与上下文语义不符,故均排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2935156.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Playisveryimportantforhumansfrombirthtodeath.Playi
功夫(Kungfu)是一种典型的中国传统文化,它是一项既活动肌肉又活动大脑的运动。同时,功夫不仅是一项体育运动,也是一种艺术形式。它被用来治病和自卫,
传统的中国服饰较多地使用深色,所以庆典礼服(ceremonialclothing)倾向于深色,配以色彩明亮、精心设计的图案。普通老百姓日常生活中穿的最
从公元前4000年开始,中国传统绘画已经持续发展了6000多年。它的发展不可避免地反映出时代和社会状况的变化。在它的早期发展阶段,中国绘画与其他工艺密切
中华民族的传统文化博大精深、源远流长。早在2000多年前,就产生了儒家学说(Confucianism)和道家学说(Taoism),以及其他很多在中国思想
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
随机试题
Maryhaskeptworkingfortenhours.______,sheneedsarestnow.A、Eventually
DearSirs,WewelcomeyourenquiryofAprilandthankyouforyourinterest
"WelcometotheUSA!Majorcreditcardsareaccepted!"Bythemillionsthey
OfalltheemployedworkersintheUnitedStates,12.5millionarepartof
在艺术创造中,对形式选择的原则应该是__________。()A.是否生动活泼
A.异步二进制计数器 B.同步三进制计数器 C.异步四进制计数器 D.同步
子宫肌瘤钙化常见于A.哺乳期 B.青春期 C.妊娠期或产褥期 D.围绝经
上市公司或其关联公司持有证券经营机构()以上的股份时,该证券经营机构不得自营买
根据《期货从业人员执业行为准则(修订)》的规定,期货从业人员应当保守()。A.
诊断高血压的标准是收缩压和(或)舒张压≥A、140/90mmHg B、130/
最新回复
(
0
)