首页
登录
职称英语
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
游客
2023-08-17
24
管理
问题
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the economy as a whole. It is what the 18th-century Scottish economist Adam Smith described as the " invisible hand". But evolutionary biologists have come to see cooperation and selflessness as a big part of our【C1】______as a species. During the course of our evolution, they point out, cooperative groups【C2】______outcompeted groups of cheats.
So we are inherently cooperative when operating within our own groups. We have also【C3】______social mechanisms to reinforce actions that benefit the group. "You could say teamwork at the scale of small groups is the signature【C4】______of our species," says evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson from Binghamton University in New York.
But【C5】______teamwork can include a competition mechanism to promote actions that benefit the group, particularly in larger groups. It’s also important to remember that in-group cooperation evolved partly in response to competition between groups.
This evolutionary perspective is radically new to economics, and it could be relevant to grand-scale economic problems that require solutions involving cooperation between nations. Take the challenge of getting nations to work together over economic solutions to climate change—a【C6】______focus in the run-up to climate negotiations in Paris, France, later this year. This is a gargantuan(巨大的)problem from any perspective, but it is【C7】______an issue of coordination for the sake of the common good at a massive scale, says Wilson. " The challenge is therefore to【C8】______at larger scales the coordination and control that takes place more spontaneously at smaller scales," he says—from multicellular(多细胞的)organisms to village-sized groups of humans.
"Morality evolved out of cooperation within and competition between groups, so when acting as a single group to tackle global problems we will have to【C9】______the role of natural selection ourselves," Wilson says. This might involve pursuing a wide variety of【C10】______, identifying those that work best, and then creating incentives to cooperate on implementation. " In some ways it’s the opposite of the invisible hand. "
A)adaptation I)particular
B)assume J)promptly
C)compel K)remarkable
D)consistently L)rumor
E)developed M)strategies
F)effective N)success
G)essentially O)suspicion
H)implement [br] 【C7】
选项
答案
G
解析
空格所在句的句子主干为it is an issue of…结构完整,据此推断应填入副词,作状语。本句是Wilson的观点,他认为虽然环境问题牵涉重大,但其本质上还是相互协调、相互合作的,故答案为G)essentially“实质上,本质上”。备选项中J)promptly“立即”与上下文语义不符,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2935161.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Playisveryimportantforhumansfrombirthtodeath.Playi
传统的中国服饰较多地使用深色,所以庆典礼服(ceremonialclothing)倾向于深色,配以色彩明亮、精心设计的图案。普通老百姓日常生活中穿的最
从公元前4000年开始,中国传统绘画已经持续发展了6000多年。它的发展不可避免地反映出时代和社会状况的变化。在它的早期发展阶段,中国绘画与其他工艺密切
传统中国装饰绳结,也就是我们所说的中国结(Chineseknot),是一种典型的中国本土艺术。这是一门独特的传统中国民间手工编织艺术,每个绳结只使用一
几百年来,昆曲在表演(staging)的通俗性上经历了种种波折,然而从未有人怀疑过它在戏剧领域享有的最高(supreme)地位。昆曲在其他形式的传统戏剧
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
Theselfishnessofhumansisacentralassumptionoforthodox(传统的)economics,
随机试题
Hungryprehistorichunters,notclimatechange,droveelephantstoextinctio
下列关于PFI和BOT的说法,正确的是()。A:BOT方式主要用于基础设施或市
孕妇为什么容易发生DIC?
( )是指存券银行不通过基础证券发行公司,直接根据市场需求和自有基础证券的数量
关于青霉素的叙述错误的是A.广谱抗生素 B.窄谱抗生素 C.易引起过敏反应
①我国的GDP总量早已位居世界前例,我国既是最大的石油进口国,也是最大的货币贸易
比较典型的反转形态包括()。A.头肩形 B.双重顶 C.双重底 D
青霉素可以作为()的首选药。A.溶血性链球菌感染 B.肺炎链球菌感染
A工程公司以PC形式总承包了一日产5000t/d水泥熟料生产线的建设,合同约定A
当由于地形限制或填筑堤身较高,不宜采用水平分层填筑法或竖向分层填筑法这两种方法施
最新回复
(
0
)