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  3. Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

考试题库2022-08-02  23
问题 Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.John Gottman says that reliable snap reactions are based on_____A.critical assessmentB.“thin sliced”studyC.sensible explanationD.adequate information
选项 A.critical assessment
B.“thin sliced”study
C.sensible explanation
D.adequate information
答案 D
解析 细节题【命题思路】本题主要考查考生对于段落具体信息的把握和理解，并且能够识别出选项信息和原文信息的关键词发生的同义替换，排除偷换概念以及无中生有等干扰选项。【直击答案】由题干关键信息“John Gottman”定位到全文倒数第二段。第一句John Gottman,the marriage expert，explains that we quickly‘thin slice’information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.正是答案所在处。其中“ground”是题干中“base on”的同义置换，“longterm study”（长期的研究）与D项“adequate information”相互呼应。由此可判断出D项adequate information（足够的信息）是正确答案。【排除干扰】A项“批判性评估”，属于无中生有；B项“薄片研究”错在逻辑混乱，原文意思是在“薄片研究”基础上形成“厚片研究”，所以依靠的应是“厚片研究”，故排除此项。C项表达“合理的解释”，也属于无中生有，原文并没有提及，也不能从文章中总结出相关信息，故排除。
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英语二研究生

研究生入学

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