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  3. Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

练习题库2022-08-02  16
问题 Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.The time needed in making decisions may_____A.vary according to the urgency of the situationB.prove the complexity of our brain reactionC.depend on the importance of the assessmentD.predetermine the accuracy of our judgment
选项 A.vary according to the urgency of the situation
B.prove the complexity of our brain reaction
C.depend on the importance of the assessment
D.predetermine the accuracy of our judgment
答案 D
解析 细节题【命题思路】本题主要考查考生对于段落具体信息的把握和理解，考生应能精准掌握与题相关内容，选出对原文相关内容同义置换的正确选项，并能排除无中生有，偷换概念和张冠李戴等干扰选项。【直击答案】根据题干关键词time定位到第一段if we take a moment…hardwired responses处。该处说明我们做决定所花的时间决定了我们判断的准确性。第二段第二句话以But这一转折连词引导，为重点关注信息，“但是，我们需要更多的时间来评估其他要素。”而本段的第三、四句，也很明显地揭示出本题正确答案，尤其是第三句中的“accurately”一词和D项中的“accuracy”为同词异形，故此项为正确答案。【排除干扰】A项无中生有，本文并没有出现类似信息，也不能从文章中总结得出。B项无中生有，本文主要在讲快速决定，而非大脑的复杂性。C项与原文不符，排除。
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英语二研究生

研究生入学

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