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  3. Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

考试题库2022-08-02  13
问题 Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.To reverse the negative influences of snap decisions,we should_____A.trust our first impressionB.do as people usually doC.think before we actD.ask for expert advice
选项 A.trust our first impression
B.do as people usually do
C.think before we act
D.ask for expert advice
答案 C
解析 细节题【命题思路】本题主要考查考生对于段落具体信息的把握和理解，了解要扭转快速决定带来的影响，我们应采取的措施，并且能够识别出选项信息和原文信息的关键词发生的同义替换，排除偷换概念以及无中生有等的干扰选项。【直击答案】根据题干关键词“reverse the negative influences”定位到第四段。第四段主要通过两个例子：“consumer products or housing options”和“female job screeners”，说明我们应该怎样克服负面影响。即可说明我们应该在行动之前先思考来消除负面影响，因此选择答案C项。【排除干扰】A项“相信我们的第一印象”；B项“按照人们通常所做的去做”；D项“寻求专业建议”均属于无中生有，故排除。
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英语二研究生

研究生入学

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