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  3. Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

Text 3 Scientists have found that althou

admin2022-08-02  18
问题 Text 3 Scientists have found that although we are prone to snap overreactions,if we take a moment and think about how we are likely to react,we can reduce or even eliminate the negative effects of our quick,hardwired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms;if we are judging whether someone is dangerous,our brains and bodies are hardwired to react very quickly,within milliseconds.But we need more time to assess other factors.To accurately tell whether someone is sociable,studies show,we need at least a minute,preferably five.It takes a while to judge complex aspects of personality,like neuroticism or openmindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm.Psychologists at the University of Toronto found that viewing a fastfood logo for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster,even though reading has little to do with eating.We unconsciously associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doing.Subjects exposed to fastfood flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too long.Yet we can reverse such influences.If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housing options when we see a happy face（one reason good sales representatives and real estate agents are always smiling）,we can take a moment before buying.If we know female job screeners are more likely to reject attractive female applicants,we can help screeners understand their biases—or hire outside screeners.John Gottman,the marriage expert,explains that we quickly“thin slice”information reliably only after we ground such snap reactions in“thick sliced”longterm study.When Dr.Gottman really wants to assess whether a couple will stay together,he invites them to his island retreat for a much longer evaluation;two days,not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hardwired reactions by pausing is what differentiates us from animals:doges can think about the future only intermittently or for a few minutes.But historically we have spent about 12 percent of our days contemplating the longer term.Although technology might change the way we react,it hasn't changed our nature.We still have the imaginative capacity to rise above temptation and reverse the highspeed trend.Our reaction to a fastfood logo shows that snap decisions_____A.can be associativeB.are not unconsciousC.can be dangerousD.are not impulsive
选项 A.can be associative
B.are not unconscious
C.can be dangerous
D.are not impulsive
答案 A
解析 细节题【命题思路】本题主要考查考生对于段落具体信息的把握和理解，了解快速决定和快餐食物商标有何关系，并且能够识别出选项信息和原文信息的关键词发生的同义替换，排除偷换概念、无中生有等干扰选项。【直击答案】由题干的关键信息“fastfood logo”定位到第三段。第三段开头就提到，让人做出仓促决定的刺激因素不仅限于人际关系范围内。紧接着一句说人们对快餐商标的反应速度比一般阅读速度快作为例证。下一句阐述了原因：因为人们无意识地（unconsciously）将“快餐”与“速度”和“急躁”联系在一起，并将这些冲动付诸行动。A项说决定是有联系性的，正确，因为人们将“快餐”与“速度”、“急躁”联系起来。【排除干扰】B项说决定是“有意识的”，与原文表达“unconsciously”不符，故排除。C项说决定“是危险的”，错在张冠李戴，原文提及的“whether someone is dangerous，”对象是人而非快速决定，故排除。D项说决定是“不冲动的”，与原文意思相悖，故排除。
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