其实,即使终于鼓起全部的道德勇气,坐在桌前,准备偿付信债于万一,也不是轻易能如愿的。七零八落的新简旧信,漫无规则地充塞在书架上,抽屉里,有的回过,有的未

游客2024-11-05  13

问题     其实,即使终于鼓起全部的道德勇气,坐在桌前,准备偿付信债于万一,也不是轻易能如愿的。七零八落的新简旧信,漫无规则地充塞在书架上,抽屉里,有的回过,有的未回,“只在此山中,云深不知处”,要找到你决心要回的那一封,耗费的时间和精力,往往数倍于回信本身。再想象朋友接信时的表情,不是喜出望外,而是余怒重炽,你那一点决心就整个崩溃了。你的债,永无清偿之日。不回信,绝不等于忘了朋友,正如世上绝无忘了债主的负债人。在你惶恐的深处,恶魇的尽头,隐隐约约,永远潜伏着这位朋友的怒眉和冷眼,不,你永远忘不了他。你真正忘掉的,而且忘得那么心安理得,是那些已经得到你回信的朋友。

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答案     The jumbled old epistles and new letters are piled up on shelves or crammed in drawers, some of which have been answered while some haven’t. As Jia Dao wrote in his poem Calling on a Hermit in Vain "He is here in the mountain. Yet I can’t find his whereabouts through all these thick clouds. " Picking out the letter that you decide to reply will cost you time and energy several times greater than replying the letter does. Moreover, imagine your friends’ countenance when they get the reply, which is not unexpected delight but reburned lingering anger, and all of your little determination will vanish. Your debt will never be liquidated.   Not replying the letters is by no means equal to forgetting friends, as there is absolutely no debtor in the world who will forget his creditor.

解析 1.画线部分第一句是一个长难句,可拆译为三句话。“简”和“信”是一个意思,翻译时为了避免重复,可分别译成epistles和letters,这样也能表达出原文中七零八落、新旧混杂的意思;“七零八落”可与“漫无规则地”合译为jumbled;原文的谓语虽然只有一个动词“充塞”,但由于其后所跟的地点不一致,故此处应分别译成piled up on shelves与crammed in drawers,使译文更加自然地道。“只在此山中,云深不知处”出自贾岛的问答诗《寻隐者不遇》,作者引用这首诗是为了强调找信的难度,故此处可译为As引导的定语从句,翻译该从句可采取异化加注的策略,解释说明该诗的出处并注意增译诗句的主语。“要找到你决心要回的那一封”可译为动名词短语;“找到”译成Picking out,比直译为Finding更符合原文语境;“往往数倍于回信本身”译为than引导的比较状语从句,从句主语“回信”译成和主句主语一样的结构replying the letter,从句谓语使用does替代will cost you time and energy,以避免重复。
2.画线部分第二句译为“祈使句+and+陈述句”的结构,这里的祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。“接信时”译为when引导的时间状语从句;“不是喜出望外,而是余怒重炽”译为:not…but…的结构;“崩溃”译为vanish,比直译成collapse更符合语境。
3.画线部分第三句译为被动句,其中“清偿”可译为liquidated。
4.画线部分第四句的主语“不回信”译为动名词短语;“绝不”译为by no means;“等于”译为is equal to,“忘了朋友”译为动名词短语forgetting friends,作to的宾语;“正如”译为as引导的从句,该从句使用there be句型,其中“忘了债主的”译为who引导的定语从句,修饰debtor。
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