2. 职称英语
  3. In any society, no matter how【C1】______, some individuals have authority【C2】

In any society, no matter how【C1】______, some individuals have authority【C2】

游客2024-10-19  37
问题     In any society, no matter how【C1】______, some individuals have authority【C2】______others, at least within a limited sphere. Obedience is particularly relevant as societies get more【C3】______, where the spheres【C4】______authority can be【C5】______, become much more differentiated. Teachers assign homework, doctors order intravenous feedings, and policemen stop automobiles【C6】______pupils, nurses, and motorists generally【C7】______. Their obedience is based on an【C8】______recognition that the persons who【C9】______the orders are operating within their【C10】______domain of authority. If this domain is【C11】______, obedience is unlikely. Policemen can’t order motorists to【C12】______lists of irregular French verbs or to【C13】______two aspirins and go to bed.
    Some tendency to obey authority is a vital cement that holds society together; without it, there【C14】______chaos. But the atrocities of this century — the slaughter of the Armenians, the Nazi death camps — give terrible proof that this disposition to obedience can also become a corrosive poison that destroys our sense of humanity. Some of these atrocities could not have been 【C15】______【C16】______the obedience of tens or hundreds of thousands and the acquiescence of many more. How could such obedience have come【C17】______? Attempt to answer this question has focused on【C18】______of the two factors. One【C19】______the personality structure of the blindly obedient individual; the other emphasizes the【C20】______situation in which the obedient person finds himself. [br] 【C6】
选项 A、but
B、while
C、therefore
D、as
答案 B
解析 篇章题。上下文理解题。本句一方面讲权威者(如老师等)发布命令，另一方面讲服从者服从命令。while表“虽然；然而”，但用于表示人或事物等的相对应方面的对照，如：The soles are leather，while the uppers are canvas．鞋跟是皮的，而鞋面是帆布的。从例句可看出此句讲鞋的问题，主要讲鞋的不同部分的材质不同，主句讲某部分材质是何物，分句讲另一部分材质又为何物，以此形成对照。while的作用就是引出这种不同，将二者进行对比。此处正是谈及发布命令所涉及的对象——权威者(teachers…)与服从权威者(pupils…)，以及不同对象实施的不同行为——发布命令(assign…)与服从命令(obey)。因此，while正合题意，为正确答案。but“但是”，表转折，指相反或出乎意料的情况的出现，如：He is tired but happy．他很累，但很愉快。一般而言，太累不会产生愉快的结果，所以二者为转折的关系。therefore“所以”，表因果关系，如：He missed the train，andtherefore could not come on time．他误了那趟车，所以没能准时到。as“由于”，表原因。可见这几个选项都不合题意。
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