2. 职称英语
  3. 上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。

上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。

游客2023-12-24  8
问题     上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。
今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。上海的明天充满希望。
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答案     Shanghai, a vigorous, dynamic and versatile international metropolis in China, has attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes since the introduction of reform and opening-up. It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contented life of residents.
    Taking a new look with each passing day, Shanghai is drawing more and more admiration, despite its colorful past for nostalgia. Puxi demonstrates the glorious past of Shanghai, Pudong presents the rosy future of Shanghai. The city, brilliant and splendid like the sun, promises a better future.
解析 1．上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。
译文：Shanghai, a vigorous，dynamic and versatile international metropolis in China, has attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes since the implementation of reform and opening-up.
本句在汉语中含有两个谓语结构，一个是“上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市”，另一个是“上海变化之大令世人瞩目”，改革开放以来为时间状语。但本句重点表达的是改革开放后上海的变化。所以可以把前一个谓语结构翻译成名词性短语作“上海”的同位语。而后者的谓语结构“令世人瞩目”可以简单理解成：吸引了世界的注意力。译为：attracted worldwide attention with its dramatic changes。
2．经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。
译文：It presents a picture of prosperity with its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contented life of residents.
本句中有三个偏正结构的短语：“经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业”。可以采用短语名词化的翻译方法翻译成名词性短语，“its rapid economic development, social stability, peaceful and contented life of residents”，采用倒装结构翻译，添加主语“it”，再用介词“with”构成介宾短语作状语。
3．今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。上海的明天充满希望。
译文：Taking a new look with each passing day, Shanghai is drawing more and more admiration, despite its colorful past for nostalgia. Puxi demonstrates the glorious past of Shanghai, Pudong presents the rosy future of Shanghai. The city, brilliant and splendid like the sun，promises a better future.
本句中有两个四字结构的短语“色彩斑斓”和“日新月异”，对于这类看似成语，但没有成语很深的寓意的四字结构，只要分清前后两个词语的逻辑关系及词类，用相应的英语词汇来表达即可，“色彩斑斓”属于描述性的形容词性的四字结构，用“colorful and splendid”足可以表达其意义，“日新月异”即用来描述变化明显、迅速，属于前后两个词语语意重叠的四字结构，只要翻译其中一个意思即可，对于“光芒四射，鲜艳夺目”属于描述性的短语，只要选择恰当的形容词来翻译即可。在汉语中，这样的四字结构很多，很多翻译初学者一遇到就会一筹莫展，只要理解透其内部结构及逻辑关系，翻译起来就不难。如： A．并列关系
名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers
名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites
湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new
开拓进取 blaze new trails and forge ahead
求同存异 seek common ground while reserving differences
B．语意重复
高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision
贯彻落实重大决策carry out/implement a series of major policy decisions
延年益寿prolong one’s life
灵丹妙药panacea/miraculous cure
C．目的关系
减员增效 downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)
退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest or pastures
集资办学 raise money to set up new schools
D．途径方式
寓教于乐 teach through lively activities
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
E．偏正词组
廉洁奉公 honestly perform one’s official duties
环境绿化 environmental greening
F. 动宾关系
优势互补 complement each other’s advantages
自主经营 make one’s own management decisions
自负盈亏 take full responsibility for one’s own profits and losses
G.条件关系
不进则退 no progress simply means regression
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