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  3. Scholar and students have always been great travelers. The official case for

Scholar and students have always been great travelers. The official case for

游客2023-12-16  29
问题    Scholar and students have always been great travelers. The official case for "academic mobility" is now often stated in impressive terms as a fundamental necessity for economic and social progress in the world, and debated in corridors of Europe, but it is certainly nothing new. Serious students were always ready to go aboard in search of the most stimulating teachers and the most famous academies; in search of the purest philosophy, the most effective medicine, the likeliest road to gold.
   Mobility of this kind meant also mobility of ideas, their transference across frontier, their simultaneous impact upon many groups of people. The point of learning is to share it, whether with a startling discovery, or a new technique. It must also have been reassuring to know that other people in other parts of the world were about to make the same discovery or were thinking along the same lines, and that one was not quite alone, confronted by inquisition, ridicule or neglect.
   In the twentieth century, and particularly in the last 20 years, the old footpaths of the wandering scholars have become vast highways. The vehicle which has made this possible has of course been the aeroplane, making contact between scholars even in the most distant places immediately feasible, and providing for the very rapid transmission of knowledge.
   Apart from the vehicle itself, it is fairly easy to identify the main factors which have brought about the recent explosion in academic movement. Some of these are purely quantitative and require no further mention; there are far more centres of learning, a far greater number of scholars and students.
   In addition one must recognize the very considerable multiplication of disciplines, particularly in the sciences, which by widening the total area of advanced study has produced an enormous number of specialists whose particular interests are precisely defined. These people would work in some isolation if they were not able to keep in touch with similar isolated groups in other countries.
   Frequently these specialisations lie in areas where very rapid developments are taking place, and also where the research needed for developments is extremely costly and takes a long time. It is precisely in these areas that the advantages of collaboration and sharing of expertise appear most evident. Associated with this is the growth of specialist periodicals, which enable scholars to become aware of what is happening in different centres of research and to meet each other in conferences and symposia. Form these meetings come the personal relationships which are at the bottom of almost all formalised schemes of cooperation, and provide them with their most satisfactory stimulus.
   But as the specialisations have increased in number and narrowed in range, there has been an opposite movement towards interdisciplinary studies. These owe much to the belief that one cannot properly investigate the incredibly complex problems thrown up by the modern world, and by recent advances in our knowledge along the narrow front of a single discipline.  This trend has led to a great deal of academic contact between disciplines, and a far greater emphasis on the pooling of specialist knowledge, reflected in the broad subjects chosen in many international conferences. [br] The writer claims that it is important for specialists to be able to travel because ______.
选项 A、their fellow experts are scattered around the world
B、their laboratories are in remote places
C、there are so many people working in similar fields
D、text books have wide circulation
答案 A
解析 该题问：作者声称专家能够旅行很重要的一个原因是什么?A项意为“专家的同行分布在世界各地”；B项意为“他们的实验室在遥远的地方”；C项意为“有许多人在相似的专业领域工作”。D项意为“教科书的发行很广”。文中的第三段有线索表明：专家周游活动也就是思想周游，跨越国界，同时影响了许多人群。学习的要点是分享，和学生或同事分享。在世界其他地方有其他人在进行同一种研制开发工作，沿着同样思路进行思考。第三段也讲到了旅行的工具改进。小路变大路的同时，提到了飞机能使(最遥远的地方的)学者快速联系，知识快速传送。这都说明专家的同行分布在世界各地。因此可判断A项为正确选项。而C项是从另一方面说明A项的内容。
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