2. 职称英语
  3. 我的生命大概不会很长久罢。然而在短促的过去的回顾中却有一盏明灯，照彻了我的灵魂的黑暗，使我的生存有一点光彩。这盏灯就是友情。我应该感谢它，因为靠了它我才

我的生命大概不会很长久罢。然而在短促的过去的回顾中却有一盏明灯，照彻了我的灵魂的黑暗，使我的生存有一点光彩。这盏灯就是友情。我应该感谢它，因为靠了它我才

游客2023-12-11  20
问题     我的生命大概不会很长久罢。然而在短促的过去的回顾中却有一盏明灯，照彻了我的灵魂的黑暗，使我的生存有一点光彩。这盏灯就是友情。我应该感谢它，因为靠了它我才能够活到现在：而且把旧家庭给我留下的阴影扫除了的也正是它。
    世间有不少的人为了家庭抛弃朋友，至少也会在家庭和朋友之间划一个界限，把家庭看得比朋友重过若干倍。这似乎是很自然的事情。我也曾亲眼看见一些人结婚以后就离开朋友，离开事业……
    朋友是暂时的，家庭是永久的。在好些人的行为里我发现了这个信条。这个信条在我实在是不可理解的。对于我，要是没有朋友，我现在会变成怎样可怜的东西。我自己也不知道。
    然而朋友们把我救了。他们给了我家庭所不能给的东西。他们的友爱，他们的帮助，他们的鼓励，几次把我从深渊的边沿救回来。他们对我表示了无限的慷慨。
    我的生活曾经是悲苦的，黑暗的。然而朋友们把多量的同情，多量的爱。多量的欢乐，多量的眼泪分了给我，这些东西都是生存所必需的。这些不要报答的慷慨的施舍，使我的生活里也有了温暖，有了幸福。我默默地接受了它们。我并不曾说一句感激的话，我也没有做过一件报答的行为。但是朋友们却不把自私的形容词加到我的身上。对于我，他们太慷慨了。
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答案     The length of my days will not be unlimited. However, whenever I look back on my brief past life, I find a beacon illuminating my soul and thereby lending a little brightness to my being. That beacon is friendship. I should be grateful to it because it has helped me keep alive up to now and clear away the shadow left on me by my old family.
    Many people forsake their friends in favor of their own families, or at least draw a line of demarcation between families and friends, considering the former to be many times more important than the latter. That seems to be a matter of course. I have also seen with my own eyes how some people abandon their friends as well as their own careers soon after they get married…
    Friends are transient whereas family are lasting — that is the tenet, as I know, guiding the behavior of many people. To me. that is utterly inconceivable. Without friends. I would have been reduced to I don’t know what a miserable creature.
    Friends are my saviors. They give me things which is beyond my family to give. Thanks to their fraternal love, assistance and encouragement. I have time and again been saved from falling into an abyss while on its verge. They have been enormously generous towards me.
    There was a time when my life was miserable and gloomy. My friends then gave me in large quantities sympathy, love, joy and tears — things essential for existence. It is due to their bountiful free gifts that I also have my share of warmth and happiness in my life. I accepted their kindnesses quietly without ever saying a word of thanks and without ever doing anything in return. In spite of that, my friends never used the epithet "self-centered" when referring to me. They are only too generous towards me.
解析     本篇选自我国文学巨匠巴金于1933年6月作的一篇旅途随笔，题名为《朋友》，作者通过自身的旅行经历赞颂人间友情之可贵。文章用语朴实、流畅，字里行间处处洋溢着作者的真挚感情。翻译此选段时，注意中英文表达上的差异。
1．  划线部分第一段的第一句，句式较长，翻译时需理清句子结构的主次。第一句的前两个短句为主干部分，  “把家庭看得比朋友重过若干倍”是次要信息，故译文中用现在分词作伴随状语。
2．  第一句“世间有不少的人”是汉语典型的流水句，其所表达的意思就是“有很多人”，可简单译为“many people”。
3．  “划一个界限”：译为“draw a line of demarcation”。其中，demarcation英文解释为“the boundary of a specific area or a conceptual separation or distinction”，即“划分；划界；限界”。
4．  “这似乎是很自然的事情。”：译为“That seems to be a matter of course．”。其中，词组“a matter of course”解释为“理所当然的事；必然的结果”。
5．  “亲眼看见”：可译为“see with one’s own eyes”。
6．  “结婚以后”：除了直译为“after they get married”，还可采刚词类转换法，将动词“结婚”译为名词，即“after their marriages”。
7．  “离开朋友，离开事业”中“离开”一词，在原文中具体引申为“抛弃、放弃”，故译为“abandon their friends as well as their own careers”。
8．  划线部分第二段第一、二句“朋友是暂时的，家庭是永久的。在好些人的行为里我发现了这个信条。”，其中，第一句即第二句中“信条”的具体内容，故两个句子可合译为一个整句，译为“Friends are transient whereas family are lasting—that is the tenet， as I know,guiding the behavior of many people．”。
9．  “暂时的”：可译为“transient”或“temporary”。
10．  “永久的”：可泽为“lasting”、“permanent”、“perpetual”或“for good”等．．
11．  “这个信条在我实在是不可理解的。”中“实在是不可理解的”，简化而言也就是“完全难以置信的”，故翻译为“utterly inconceivable”。其中“inconceivable”可用“incredible”、  “unbelievable”替代。
12．  “我现在会变成怎样可怜的东西”是作者的假象内容，故翻译时注意，句子时态应为虚拟态，译为“I would have been reduced to what a miserable creature”。其中，词组“be reduced to…”解释为“沦落为……”。
13．划线部分第三段第一句“然而朋友们把我救了。”译为“Friends are my saviors．”，这里采用词类转换法，将动词“救”转移为名词“savior”(救世主)。
14．  “他们给了我家庭所不能给的东西。”中“不能”具体指“超出某人能力范围”、“对某人来说太闲难了”之意，译为“beyond the reach of sb．”或“over one’s head”。故译文“They give me things which is beyond my family to give me．”也可改写为“…which is beyond the reach ofmy family／over my family’s head to give me．”。
15．  “他们的友爱，他们的帮助，他们的鼓励，几次把我从深渊的边沿救回来。”译为 “Thanks to their fraternal love，assistance and encouragement，I have time and again been saved from falling into an abyss while on its verge．”。其中，“thanks to”为增译部分，用以上下文的衔接，解释为“多亏了”。同样，  “fraternal”也是增译部分，用以表达love的程度之深，解释为“兄弟般的”、  “友好的”。
16．  “对……表示无限的慷慨”：译为“be enormously generous towards／to sb．”。
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