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  3. Can Milk Make You Happy? Can Fish Make You Smart? Hippocrate

Can Milk Make You Happy? Can Fish Make You Smart? Hippocrate

游客2023-12-11  10
问题                 Can Milk Make You Happy? Can Fish Make You Smart?
    Hippocrates, the "Father of Medicine", said, "Let your food be your medicine, and let your medicine be your food. " For a Greek born in the fifth century B.C. , Hippocrates was wise beyond his time. Today, we know that a low fat diet strengthens the immune system and reduces the risk of cancer and heart disease. But there’s more to the story. New evidence suggests that food may influence how healthy people think and feel. Were he alive today, Hippocrates might look back to his last meal to explain his cheerful or sour mood. He might also change his eating habits to become happier or smarter.
    How does food affect mood and mind? The answer may lie in the chemistry of the brain and nervous system. Molecules called neurotransmitters are chemical messengers. They carry a nerve impulse across the gap between nerve cells. The release of neurotransmitters from one neuron to receptor sites on another keep a nerve impulse moving. Nerve impulses carry messages from the environment to the brain, for example, the pain you feel when you strike your toe against an obstacle. They also carry messages in the other direction, from the brain to the muscles. That’s why you back away immediately and exclaim, "Ouch!"
    "Many neurotransmitters are built from the foods we eat," says neuroscientist Eric Chudler of the University of Washington. Too little or too much of a particular nutrient in the diet can affect their production, Chudler says. For example, tryptophan from foods such as yogurt, milk, bananas, and eggs is required for the production of the neurotransmitter serotonin.
    Dozens of neurotransmitters are known; hundreds may exist. Their effects depend on their amounts and where they work in the brain. The neurotransmitter serotonin, for example, is thought to produce feelings of calmness and relaxation. Drugs that prevent its return back (into the neuron that released it) are prescribed to treat depression. In at least some healthy, non depressed people, carbohydrate foods seem to enhance serotonin production and produce similar effects. "It is the balance between different neurotransmitters that helps regulate mood," Chudler says.
    Choline is a substance similar to the B vitamins. It’s found in peanuts, milk and seafood. To test the effects of choline on memory and learning, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology gave memory tests to college students before increasing the amount of choline in their subjects’ diets.
    Later, they retested. On the average, memories were better, and the students learned a list of unrelated words more easily. There’s a lot to learn, and future research may reveal more about the chemistry of mood, brain, and nutrition. Until then, it makes sense to choose healthy foods that nourish both body and mind. If he were alive today, a smart and happy Hippocrates might be spotted buying skinless turkey at the supermarket or chewing broccoli from the salad bar. [br] A person most probably got advice from Hippocrates on how to______.
选项 A、get rid of an illness
B、get out of a bad mood
C、have a sharper mind
D、keep a balanced diet
答案 A
解析 本文考查推理引申。第一段和文章最后都提到了希波克拉底这个人物。解此题的关键是正确理解第一段的内容。该段前两句提到“医学之父”希波克拉底认识到了食物的药学价值。第三至五句指出，如今我们知道了饮食不仅与人的身体健康有关，还会影响人的思维和情绪。最后两句使用虚拟语气指出，如果希波克拉底现在还活着的话(were he alive today)，他可能也会关注饮食对人的情绪、思维的影响。所以，本段提到希波克拉底是为了从饮食对身体健康的作用引入其对精神健康的作用，且仪有第一句是关于希波克拉底的事实，即，他对食物药学价值的认识。文章末句呼应文首，再次使用虚拟语气(if he were alive today)，说明“人们应该选择滋养身心的健康食品”，因此也不是关于这个人物的事实。本题问希波克拉底能提供给人们什么方面的建议，是对有关这个人物事实的推理，因此[A]为正确选项。其他项的内容在文中有涉及，但都与Hippocrates无关。
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