首页
登录
职称英语
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
游客
2023-12-07
27
管理
问题
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform better on tasks dictated by the brain’s executive control system. Located at the front of the brain, this system is "the basis for your ability to think in complex ways, control attention, and do everything we think of as uniquely human thought," said Ellen Bialystok, a psychologist at York University in Toronto, Canada.
Now studies are revealing that advantages of bilingualism persist into old age, even as the brain’s sharpness naturally declines, Bialystok said Friday at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D. C. Bialystok and colleagues examined 102 longtime bilingual and 109 monolingual Alzheimer’s patients who had the same level of mental acuity. About 24 million people have dementia worldwide, with the majority of them suffering from Alzheimer’s, according to Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet medical university.
The bilingual patients had been diagnosed with the Alzheimer’s about four years later than the monolingual patients, on average, according to Bialystok’s most recent study, published in November in the journal Neurology. This suggests bilingualism is "protecting older adults, even as Alzheimer’s is beginning to affect cognitive function," Bialystok said.
Bialystok is also studying physical differences between bilingual and monolingual brains. In a new experiment, she used CT scans to examine brains of monolinguals and bilinguals with dementia. All the subjects were the same age and functioned at the same cognitive level.
"The physical effects of the disease in the brain were found to be more advanced in the bilinguals’ brains, even though their mental ability was roughly the same," Bialystok told National Geographic News. Apparently, the bilinguals’ brains are somehow compensating, she said. "Even though the ’machine’ is more broken, they can function at the same level as a monolingual with less disease," she said.
"Benefits of bilingualism can begin in uterus," Janet Werker, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia, Canada, told the news briefing. For instance, Werker and colleagues’ recent studies show that babies exposed to two languages in uterus do not confuse their languages from birth.
The mental workout required to keep the languages separate may create an "enhanced perceptual vigilance that has lifelong benefits," Werker said. "What I’d like to suggest is the kind of advantages you’ve heard about in aging can be established from those first days of life, in babies having to keep the two languages apart."
Granted, people born into bilingualism have it a bit easier. "One of the things babies have is the luxury of time—they get the opportunity to really focus on task at hand," Werker said. "If we want to learn a second language, we need to set time aside to allow that to happen" and evidence suggests the payoff is worth it.
Even if you don’t learn a second language until after middle age, it can still help stave off dementia, York’s Bialystok said. Being "bilingual is one way to keep your brain active—it’s part of the cognitive-reserve approach to brain fitness," Bialystok said. And when it comes to exercising the brain by learning another language, she added, "the more the better and every little bit helps. " [br] Bilingualism helps older adults to
选项
A、stay away from Alzheimer’s.
B、retain cognitive abilities.
C、delay aging process.
D、improve mental acuity.
答案
B
解析
细节题。由题干中的Bilingualism和older adults定位到第三段的第二句,该句指出,双语正在保护老年人,即使是在老年痴呆症已经开始影响和损害他们的认知功能的时候,换句话说,双语(Bilingualism)能帮助老年人保持认知功能,即“retain cognitive abilities”。此外,第二段首句提到“advantages of bilingualismpersist into old age,even as the brain’s sharpness naturally declines”,这也很好地证实了这一观点,因此选择[B]。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3251959.html
相关试题推荐
Whatisthemainideaofthenewsitem?[originaltext]Scientistssaytheyca
Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueaboutthosechildreninvolvedinpoliti
Hawaii’s【N1】______isgivingschoolchildrensomereasontosmile.Publicsc
Hawaii’s【N1】______isgivingschoolchildrensomereasontosmile.Publicsc
MadonnafeltmorallyobligedtohelpchildrenintheAfricannationofMalawibe
MadonnafeltmorallyobligedtohelpchildrenintheAfricannationofMalawibe
AnavidBushsupporterwhoalreadyhas25shoppingmallstohisname,Congel
AnavidBushsupporterwhoalreadyhas25shoppingmallstohisname,Congel
Thebrainsofchildrenareaffectedbyfamilyviolenceinthesamewayasc
Thebrainsofchildrenareaffectedbyfamilyviolenceinthesamewayasc
随机试题
Itisurgedbythegovernmenttofosterasocialclimateof___________(尊师重教).sho
Accordingtothespeaker,thefirstmodernOlympicGameswereheldasaninterna
“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”说明了什么道理()A.人的行为具有生物性 B.个体因
下列选项中,不属于项目建议书核心内容的是( )。A.项目的必要性 B.项目的
以下混凝土路面施工方法中,一般用于二级及二级以下公路的水泥混凝土路面面层、桥面和
下列关于水生动物的说法错误的是:A.鲨鱼用腮呼吸,鲨鱼属于鱼类 B.黄鳝的腮严
评价幼儿园活动内容时,对活动内容的针对性、挑战性表述不准确的是( )。A.教师在
下列关于二类高层公共建筑疏散楼梯间的说法,正确的是()。A.楼梯间内可以设置
根据我国证券交易规则的规定,A股及债券现货的申报价格最小变动单位是人民币()。
表12014年4月十大城市新建住宅价格指数 下列说法中,错误的是( )
最新回复
(
0
)