首页
登录
职称英语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
游客
2023-10-14
31
管理
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that "Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude. [br] The author raises evidence of mental illness and other disorders in children ______.
选项
A、to introduce a discussion of the effect of institutions on children
B、to show the effect on children of an unhappy relation with their mothers during infancy
C、to warn parents of the dangers of neglecting and abusing their children
D、to support the point that trust is an early formed and important element of a healthy personality
答案
D
解析
第二段第一句话提出论点“…trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality.”后面内容均与这点相关。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3096203.html
相关试题推荐
Aftermymotherpassedaway,mydadtriedevenhardertostayhealthyandac
(91)Anactivelifestyleandahealthy,fish-richdietarenotonlygoodfo
(91)Anactivelifestyleandahealthy,fish-richdietarenotonlygoodfo
(91)Anactivelifestyleandahealthy,fish-richdietarenotonlygoodfo
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
ThelatestHumanDevelopmentReportfromtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProg
随机试题
[audioFiles]audio_eusm_0120(20106)[/audioFiles]A、Heisapoliceman.B、Heisas
Thisnewinstrumentisfarsuperior______theoldoneweboughtthreeyearsago
Itwasduringthe21stcenturythataveragepeoplewereabletoundertaketravel
I’mreallyintwomindsaboutwhattodowhenIleaveschool.ShouldIgost
前进小学六年级参加课外活动小组的人数占全年级总人数的48%,后来又有4人参加课外
患儿,男,8个月,因肺炎合并心力衰竭入院,今晨突然呼吸困难加重,点头样呼吸,心音
商品期货合约最小变动价位的确定,通常取决于该合约标的物的()A.商业规范 B
下列各项中,属于通常选择接近财务报表整体的重要性的50%确定实际执行的重要性的情
在综合布线系统设计中,根据规范要求,下列用户数符合一个光纤配线区所辖用户数量要求
骨折引起脂肪栓塞主要是由于A、脂肪肝 B、骨筋膜室压力过高 C、创伤的应激作
最新回复
(
0
)