首页
登录
职称英语
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics,
游客
2023-08-17
31
管理
问题
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead to benefits for the economy as a whole. It is what the 18th-century Scottish economist Adam Smith described as the " invisible hand". But evolutionary biologists have come to see cooperation and selflessness as a big part of our【C1】______as a species. During the course of our evolution, they point out, cooperative groups【C2】______outcompeted groups of cheats.
So we are inherently cooperative when operating within our own groups. We have also【C3】______social mechanisms to reinforce actions that benefit the group. "You could say teamwork at the scale of small groups is the signature【C4】______of our species," says evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson from Binghamton University in New York.
But【C5】______teamwork can include a competition mechanism to promote actions that benefit the group, particularly in larger groups. It’s also important to remember that in-group cooperation evolved partly in response to competition between groups.
This evolutionary perspective is radically new to economics, and it could be relevant to grand-scale economic problems that require solutions involving cooperation between nations. Take the challenge of getting nations to work together over economic solutions to climate change—a【C6】______focus in the run-up to climate negotiations in Paris, France, later this year. This is a gargantuan(巨大的)problem from any perspective, but it is【C7】______an issue of coordination for the sake of the common good at a massive scale, says Wilson. " The challenge is therefore to【C8】______at larger scales the coordination and control that takes place more spontaneously at smaller scales," he says—from multicellular(多细胞的)organisms to village-sized groups of humans.
"Morality evolved out of cooperation within and competition between groups, so when acting as a single group to tackle global problems we will have to【C9】______the role of natural selection ourselves," Wilson says. This might involve pursuing a wide variety of【C10】______, identifying those that work best, and then creating incentives to cooperate on implementation. " In some ways it’s the opposite of the invisible hand. "
A)adaptation I)particular
B)assume J)promptly
C)compel K)remarkable
D)consistently L)rumor
E)developed M)strategies
F)effective N)success
G)essentially O)suspicion
H)implement [br] 【C6】
选项
答案
I
解析
空格位于不定冠词a之后,名词focus之前,据此推断应填入形容词,作定语。破折号前面提到了各国共同协作找出应对环境变化的经济方案,而这一方案是去年法国巴黎环境谈判的特别议题,结合备选项I)particular“特别的,特殊的”和K)remarkable“惊人的”可知,答案为I)。备选项K)remarkable“惊人的”与下上文语境不符,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2935160.html
相关试题推荐
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
GeorgeHerbertMeadsaidthathumansaretalkedintohumanity.Hemeantthat
汉字蕴含古代中国人的智慧,体现中国悠久的历史。书写汉字有助更好地理解传统文化,因为每一个汉字都有其独特的文化内涵。但近年来,随着电脑和手机的普及,越来越
《三字经》(ThreeCharacterPrimer)是中国古代的儿童识字课本,也是中国传统的儿童启蒙(enlighten—ment)读物。在传统教
红色是中华儿女最喜爱的颜色,在传统文化中象征着喜庆与祥和。中国人的生活中充满红色主题的装饰,如红色的灯笼、红色的婚礼用品和红色的对联(couplets)
随机试题
Mostworthwhilecareersrequiresomekindofspecializedtraining.Ideally,
Therearesuperstitionsattachedtonumbers;eventhoseancientGreeksbelie
在高层建筑中,燃油燃气锅炉房应该布置在()。A.建筑的地下三层靠外墙部分
A.表情淡漠无欲 B.蝶形红斑 C.面部潮红 D.面色发黄,巩膜黄染 E
急腹症病人腹腔内穿刺液为带臭味的血性液,最可能为()A.肠套叠 B.胆囊
对任何内幕消息的价值都持否定态度的是()。A.弱式有效市场假设 B.半强式有
A.纯水B.液氨C.冰醋酸D.甲苯E.甲醇非质子性溶剂应选择的溶剂为
在人机系统设计过程中,减少操作者的紧张和体力消耗来提高安全性,并以此改善机器的操
建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测时,采用的验收标准是()。A.初步设计时确定的设计指
反射镜和跟踪设备属于( )的组成。A.火力发电设备 B.塔式太阳能光热发电设备
最新回复
(
0
)