Text 2 For years,studies have found that

题库2022-08-02 41

问题 Text 2 For years,studies have found that first-generation college students—those who do not havea parent with a college degree—lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education,colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.This has created“a paradox”in that recruiting first-generation students,but then watching many of them fail,means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen,rather than close”an achievement gap based on social class,according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journalPsychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic,as it outlines a potential solution to this problem,suggesting that an approach（which involves a one-hour,next-to-no-cost program）can close 63 percent of the achievement gap（measured by such factors as grades）between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities,and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students（who completed the project）at an unnamed private university.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.Most of the first-generation students（59.1 percent）were recipients of Pell Grants,a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need,while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis—that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact—was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students“struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,learn the‘rules of the game,’and take advantage of college resources,”they write.And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.“Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’educational experiences,many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students‘like them’can improve.”We may infer from the last paragraph that_____A.universities often reject the culture of the middleclassB.students are usually to blame for their lack of resourcesC.social class greatly helps enrich educational experiencesD.colleges are partly res

选项 A.universities often reject the culture of the middleclass
B.students are usually to blame for their lack of resources
C.social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences
D.colleges are partly res

答案 D

解析推理题【命题思路】这是一道封闭推理题。本题主要考查考生有效辨别段落核心信息，进行适度推理的能力。【直击答案】根据题干关键词“infer from the last paragraph”定位到最后一段。本题是段落推理题，可以通过寻找段落中心句的方式来解。本段共三句：第一句和第二句是并列关系，均提出“初代”学生中存在的与社会阶层有关的问题。第三句以一个“because”所引导的原因状语从句点明中心，明确该问题的来源是美国高校未承认社会阶层对学生教育经历的影响，说明高校应该为出现的问题担负部分责任。因此D项正确。【干扰排除】A项、B项、C项在此段并未提及，属于无中生有，故排除。

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Text 2 For years,studies have found that

英语二研究生

研究生入学