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  3. An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness

An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness

游客2025-03-20  35
问题     An unusual characteristic of American university life is its competitiveness. Institutions of the same class【C1】______ for faculty, research funds, students and public attention. That Harvard and Stanford, for example, actively recruit and compete for students is quite【C2】______ to establishments(教育机构)such as Tokyo or Kyoto universities,【C3】______ an entrance examination determines all. It is almost【C4】______ unusual in most parts of the world for one institution to hire professors【C5】______ from another by offering a higher salary and / or better working conditions. In Japan, and to a lesser extent elsewhere, universities hire almost【C6】______ their own graduates. In-breeding is rampant—a sharp contrast with most departments in top American universities.
    Institutional competitiveness has some negative【C7】______ —particularly if your university loses too many encounters with the market. The dark side includes too much movement by professional stars from one university to another in【C8】______ of personal gain, and a consequently lower level of institutional presence. Competition also leads to invidious(招人反感的)comparison among fields of study, with excessive【C9】______ within the university going to those subjects where "market power" is strong(computer sciences, yes; English, no).     However, the benefits of American-style competition among universities outweigh the costs. It has【C10】______ complacency and encouraged the drive for excellence and change. [br] 【C9】
选项 A、attention
B、advantages
C、responsibilities
D、profits
答案 B
解析 这一段谈的是院校间的竞争产生的负面结果。这里谈的是第二点，即竞争还造成了学科领域间的招人反感的比较，后面with引导的伴随状语是原因。四个选项的意思分别是：A项attention(注意，关心，关注)；B项advantages(有利条件，利益)；C项responsibilities(责任)；D项profits(利润，益处，得益)。选项C不符合句意，首先排除。选项B则涵盖了选项A和C的意思，所以正确答案是B项advantages。大意是：大学里那些市场支配力强的学科专业(比如计算机专业)得到了过多的有利条件和各种利益……
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