首页
登录
职称英语
Engineering for sustainable developmentThe Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mounta
Engineering for sustainable developmentThe Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mounta
游客
2025-02-10
39
管理
问题
Engineering for sustainable development
The Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mountain region)
Problem
Short growing season because of high altitude and low【L31】________
Fresh vegetables imported by lorry or by【L32】________ , so are expensive
Need to use sunlight to prevent local plants from【L33】________
Previous programmes to provide greenhouses were【L34】________
New greenhouse
Meets criteria for sustainability
Simple and【L35】________ to build
Made mainly from local materials (mud or stone for the walls, wood and【L36】________ for the roof)
Building and maintenance done by local craftsmen
Relies solely on【L37】________energy
Only families who have a suitable【L38】________can own one
Design
Long side faces south
Strong polythene cover
Inner【L39】________ are painted black or white
Social benefits
Owners’ status is improved
Rural【L40】________ have greater opportunities
More children are educated [br] 【L40】
Good afternoon. This is the first of a series of lectures I’ll be giving about engineering for sustainable development. I’ll be presenting examples of engineering projects from a variety of contexts, and today I’m going to talk about a project to design a new kind of greenhouse for use in the Himalayan mountain regions.
First of all, I’ll tell you about the problem which was the context for this project. In the Himalayan mountains, fresh vegetables and other crops can only be grown outside for about ninety days, during the summer, because the altitude of the region is around 3500 metres, and
because the rainfall is so low.
In winter, temperatures fall below minus 25 degrees Celsius, so fresh vegetables have to be imported. They arrive by truck in summer or
by air in winter,
which makes them expensive. Local people rely on dried leafy vegetables and stored root crops during the winter, and rarely eat fresh vegetables.
But despite the sub-zero temperatures, the skies over the region are cloudless, and there are over three hundred sunny days per year. So an engineering solution was needed, to exploit the sun’s energy and
protect locally produced plants from freezing during winter.
And in fact,
there has been programmes in the past to provide greenhouses, but these were unsuccessful.
The greenhouses weren’t adapted for local conditions, so they tended to fall into disuse.
So, a few years ago, a project was initiated to design a better greenhouse, one which would meet the criteria for sustainability.
So, what are the criteria for sustainability? Well, first of all, the new greenhouse is designed to be relatively simple,
so construction is cheap.
Locally available materials are used wherever possible. The walls are generally constructed of mud bricks, made locally, although in areas of high snow-fall more resilient walls of stone are needed. Rammed earth is also used. The main roof is generally made from locally available poplar wood,
with water-resistant local grass for the covering.
In addition, the construction and maintenance of the greenhouse are done by local craftsmen. So local stone masons are employed to build the greenhouse walls, and specialised training is provided for them wherever necessary.
Then...
the greenhouse is designed to run on solar power alone,
there’s no supplementary heating. And lastly, families are selected to own one of the new greenhouses with great care.
They have to have a site which is suitable for constructing it on.
They also have to be keen to make a success of using it, and also to share the produce with the wider community through sale or barter. Potential owners are taken to see existing greenhouses before they make a final decision about having one.
So, those are the features which make the project sustainable. And now I’ll briefly describe the design of the greenhouse. The greenhouses are orientated very carefully along an East-West axis so that there’s a long south-facing side. The transparent cover on the south-facing side is made from a heavy-duty polythene, which should last for at least five years.
On the inside of the greenhouse, the walls are painted
— the rear and west-facing walls are black, to improve heat absorption, but the east-facing wall is white to reflect the morning sunlight onto the crops inside. Finally, there’s a door in the wall at one end, and vents are incorporated into the roof, the door and the wall at the other end, to enable control of humidity and prevent overheating.
I’ll turn now to the benefits which have resulted from the introduction of these new greenhouses. These benefits are of various kinds, but for now I’ll just mention the social benefits.
First of all, people who own a greenhouse gain social standing in their communities, because they provide vegetables for the wider community, for regular consumption as well as for festivals, and they also earn income. Secondly,
because in rural areas it is women who usually grow the food, the greenhouses have increased their opportunities.
They bring the benefits of improved nutrition, and increased family income, from the sale of surplus produce. And thirdly, as a result of their improved financial position, some families can now afford to educate their children for the first time.
选项
答案
women
解析
本题询问农村的什么人或物有更多的机会,推测应填入一个名词。录音原文中指出,因为在农村地区(in rural areas),通常是女性种植食物。因此温室的建造增加了她们的机会(in-creased their opportunities)。录音中的in rural areas是题目Rural的同义表述,increased their opportunities是have greater opportunities的同义表述,故空格处填入women。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3950947.html
相关试题推荐
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
随机试题
Nancyhad(agreatdealof)trouble(toconcentrateon)herwork(becauseof)th
Americans’ParadoxicalBehaviorOneofthegeneralitiesmostoftenn
WhenPhoebeawoke,whichshedidwiththeearlytwitteringoftheconjugalc
AsachildIwastaughttowalkwithmyheadup,my【C1】______backandmye
下列各项中,资源税减征30%的有()。A、三次采油资源税 B、深水油气田资源
上市公司、股票在国务院批准的其他全国性证券交易场所交易的公司持有百分之五以上股份
在存量房买卖业务交易撮合中,房地产经纪人需要处理的关键问题是( )。A.磋商交
第七次全国人口普查是我国人口发展进入关键期开展的一次重大国情国力调查。作为此次普
钨极惰性气体保护焊自由的特点有()A.电弧热量集中,可精确控制焊接热输入,焊接
对于地基基础设计等级为甲级或地质条件复杂,应采用静载试验的方法进行检验,检验桩数
最新回复
(
0
)