首页
登录
职称英语
Engineering for sustainable developmentThe Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mounta
Engineering for sustainable developmentThe Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mounta
游客
2025-02-10
28
管理
问题
Engineering for sustainable development
The Greenhouse Project (Himalayan mountain region)
Problem
Short growing season because of high altitude and low【L31】________
Fresh vegetables imported by lorry or by【L32】________ , so are expensive
Need to use sunlight to prevent local plants from【L33】________
Previous programmes to provide greenhouses were【L34】________
New greenhouse
Meets criteria for sustainability
Simple and【L35】________ to build
Made mainly from local materials (mud or stone for the walls, wood and【L36】________ for the roof)
Building and maintenance done by local craftsmen
Relies solely on【L37】________energy
Only families who have a suitable【L38】________can own one
Design
Long side faces south
Strong polythene cover
Inner【L39】________ are painted black or white
Social benefits
Owners’ status is improved
Rural【L40】________ have greater opportunities
More children are educated [br] 【L35】
Good afternoon. This is the first of a series of lectures I’ll be giving about engineering for sustainable development. I’ll be presenting examples of engineering projects from a variety of contexts, and today I’m going to talk about a project to design a new kind of greenhouse for use in the Himalayan mountain regions.
First of all, I’ll tell you about the problem which was the context for this project. In the Himalayan mountains, fresh vegetables and other crops can only be grown outside for about ninety days, during the summer, because the altitude of the region is around 3500 metres, and
because the rainfall is so low.
In winter, temperatures fall below minus 25 degrees Celsius, so fresh vegetables have to be imported. They arrive by truck in summer or
by air in winter,
which makes them expensive. Local people rely on dried leafy vegetables and stored root crops during the winter, and rarely eat fresh vegetables.
But despite the sub-zero temperatures, the skies over the region are cloudless, and there are over three hundred sunny days per year. So an engineering solution was needed, to exploit the sun’s energy and
protect locally produced plants from freezing during winter.
And in fact,
there has been programmes in the past to provide greenhouses, but these were unsuccessful.
The greenhouses weren’t adapted for local conditions, so they tended to fall into disuse.
So, a few years ago, a project was initiated to design a better greenhouse, one which would meet the criteria for sustainability.
So, what are the criteria for sustainability? Well, first of all, the new greenhouse is designed to be relatively simple,
so construction is cheap.
Locally available materials are used wherever possible. The walls are generally constructed of mud bricks, made locally, although in areas of high snow-fall more resilient walls of stone are needed. Rammed earth is also used. The main roof is generally made from locally available poplar wood,
with water-resistant local grass for the covering.
In addition, the construction and maintenance of the greenhouse are done by local craftsmen. So local stone masons are employed to build the greenhouse walls, and specialised training is provided for them wherever necessary.
Then...
the greenhouse is designed to run on solar power alone,
there’s no supplementary heating. And lastly, families are selected to own one of the new greenhouses with great care.
They have to have a site which is suitable for constructing it on.
They also have to be keen to make a success of using it, and also to share the produce with the wider community through sale or barter. Potential owners are taken to see existing greenhouses before they make a final decision about having one.
So, those are the features which make the project sustainable. And now I’ll briefly describe the design of the greenhouse. The greenhouses are orientated very carefully along an East-West axis so that there’s a long south-facing side. The transparent cover on the south-facing side is made from a heavy-duty polythene, which should last for at least five years.
On the inside of the greenhouse, the walls are painted
— the rear and west-facing walls are black, to improve heat absorption, but the east-facing wall is white to reflect the morning sunlight onto the crops inside. Finally, there’s a door in the wall at one end, and vents are incorporated into the roof, the door and the wall at the other end, to enable control of humidity and prevent overheating.
I’ll turn now to the benefits which have resulted from the introduction of these new greenhouses. These benefits are of various kinds, but for now I’ll just mention the social benefits.
First of all, people who own a greenhouse gain social standing in their communities, because they provide vegetables for the wider community, for regular consumption as well as for festivals, and they also earn income. Secondly,
because in rural areas it is women who usually grow the food, the greenhouses have increased their opportunities.
They bring the benefits of improved nutrition, and increased family income, from the sale of surplus produce. And thirdly, as a result of their improved financial position, some families can now afford to educate their children for the first time.
选项
答案
cheap
解析
空格前的and连接两个并列的形容词,推测此处应填入一个形容词。录音原文指出,温室要设计的相对简单(relatively simple),因此建造起来会比较便宜(cheap)。录音中用两个并列句替换了题目中的两个并列形容词,故空格处应填入cheap。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3950942.html
相关试题推荐
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
EngineeringforsustainabledevelopmentTheGreenhouseProject(Himalayanmounta
Theprojectwillbeassessedby___________________.(a)seniorlecturer录音中的mark“
Theprojectwillbeastudyoftheincreasein___________________.olderworkers
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
Whatproblemsdothespeakersidentifyforthisproject?ChooseSEVENanswersfr
随机试题
秦始皇是中国历史上杰出的政治家、战略家和改革家。13岁继承王位,39岁统一中国并自封“始皇帝”(FirstEmperor),建立第一个统一的、多民族、
叶轮出水为径向的泵是( )。A.轴流泵 B.离心泵 C.混流泵
化学结构如下的药物是 A.东莨菪碱 B.丁溴东莨菪碱 C.樟柳碱 D.莨
各种运输方式采用的技术手段和所拥有的科技水平的构成属于()。A.运量结构 B
有关流行性腮腺炎,错误的是A.多伴有颌下腺肿大 B.传染源主要为患者和隐性感染
MicroScanWalk/Away微生物自动鉴定及药敏分析系统是A.采用光电
关于房地产寿命,下列说法正确的是()A:自然寿命是指在正常市场和运营状态下,房地
在计算NOPAT时,应该将当期发生的( )从净利润中剔除。A:财务费用 B:营
不属于肾功能不全者慎用的中成药是A.牛黄解毒片 B.牛黄清心丸 C.朱砂安神
下列对DNA克隆操作的描述,错误的是A.限制性内切酶在特定的位置上切割质粒和供体
最新回复
(
0
)