开卷有益,是古人奖励读书的一句成语。从前读到一册坏书,读后每觉得为古人所欺;现在多了一点智识,反过来又觉得古人的不欺我了。总之,好书读了,原有所得,就是

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问题     开卷有益,是古人奖励读书的一句成语。从前读到一册坏书,读后每觉得为古人所欺;现在多了一点智识,反过来又觉得古人的不欺我了。总之,好书读了,原有所得,就是可以知道它的好处在哪里。可是坏书读了,而知道它的坏的原因与地方,岂不也是一得?从前孔子说的“三人行,必有我师”之意,也不一定是从正的一方面着想,反过来在负的一方面,也何尝不可以为鉴戒。因此,从前是非有定评之书不读的,现在却马勃牛溲了,一例的都想看看了,这大约总也是一种进步的现象。

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答案     "Opening a book is always rewarding" is an ancient encouragement for reading. I used to feel misled by it when I came across a bad book, yet now I’m wiser to do that. In a word, we can benefit from reading a good book by absorbing its essence, while it is also a good thing to know the whys and wherefores of a book being labeled " bad". What Confucius means by " If three of us are walking together, at least one of the other two can be my teacher" is not necessarily a positive example. On the contrary, it also holds water in offering us a negative example to take warning from. Therefore, once an exclusive reader of books widely accepted, I get to take interest in whatever books, trashy or not, as well. It probably is a sign of progress.

解析 1.第一句中的“开卷有益”可译为Opening a book is always rewarding。
2.第二句的前半句“为古人所欺”中的“欺”按照语境宜译为misled;后半句“反过来又觉得古人的不欺我了”出于语篇考虑不应重复照搬,可灵活地意译为now I’m wiser to do that。
3.第五句中“从前孔子说的‘三人行,必有我师’之意”中的“之意”可采用mean by…短语;“三人行,必有我师”译为If three of us are walking together,at least one of the other two can be my teacher。
4.第五句中的动词“鉴戒”译为to take warning from。
5.最后一句中的“从前是非有定评之书不读的,现在却马勃牛溲了,一例的都想看看了”,首先,本句是汉语的无主句,省略了主语“我”,而英语中主语不可或缺,故此句应当增补主语;其次,英文有名词化倾向,即使用名词表达本应用动词表达的含义(如He swims well.相比:He is a good swimmer.是更地道的英文表达),因此“从前是非有定评之书不读的”在这里意译为名词短语an exclusive reader;根据上下文,此处“定评”并非“定论”之意,而应意译为widely accepted。“马勃牛溲”实际上是指不值钱的东西,因此可以抛去字面意思,意译为trashy。
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