2. 职称英语
  3. 例如我翻译莎士比亚，本来计划于课余之暇每年翻译两部，二十年即可完成，但是我用了三十年，主要的原因是懒。翻译之所以完成，主要的是因为活得相当长久，十分惊险

例如我翻译莎士比亚，本来计划于课余之暇每年翻译两部，二十年即可完成，但是我用了三十年，主要的原因是懒。翻译之所以完成，主要的是因为活得相当长久，十分惊险

游客2024-11-05  13
问题     例如我翻译莎士比亚，本来计划于课余之暇每年翻译两部，二十年即可完成，但是我用了三十年，主要的原因是懒。翻译之所以完成，主要的是因为活得相当长久，十分惊险。翻译完成之后，虽然仍有工作计划，但体力渐衰，有力不从心之感。假使年轻的时候鞭策自己，如今当有较好或较多的表现。然而，悔之晚矣。
    再例如，作为一个中国人，经书不可不读。我年过三十才知道读书自修的重要。我披阅，我圈点，但是恒心不足，时作时辍。五十以学易，可以无大过矣，我如今年过八十，还没有接触过《易经》，说来惭愧。史书也很重要。我出国留学的时候，我父亲买了一套同文石印的前四史，塞满了我的行箧的一半空间，我在外国混了几年之后又把前四史原封带回来了。直到四十年后才鼓起勇气读了《通鉴》一遍。现在我要读的书太多，深感时间有限。
    无论做什么事，健康的身体是基本条件。我在学校读书的时候，有所谓“强迫运动”，我踢破过几双球鞋，打断过几只球拍。因此侥幸维持下来最低限度的体力。老来打过几年太极拳，目前则以散步活动筋骨而已。寄语年轻朋友，千万要持之以恒地从事运动，这不是嬉戏，不是浪费时间。健康的身体是做人做事的真正的本钱。
选项
答案     Take the translation of Shakespeare for example. I had initially planned to spend 20 years of my spare time in doing the translation, finishing two plays a year. But I spent 30 years instead, due primarily to my slothfulness. The whole project would probably have fallen through had it not been for my fairly long life. After that I had other plans for work, but, because of my approaching senility, somehow I failed to do what I had wished to. Had I spurred myself on in my youth, I would have done more and better work. Alas, it is too late to repent.
    Another example. The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese. But it was not until I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics. I did read carefully though, marking words and phrases for special attention with small circles and dots. But my efforts at self-study were off and on. Confucius says, "I shall be free of great faults if I can live long enough to begin the study of Yi at the age of 50." I feel ashamed to admit that I haven’t even touched Yi though I’m now over 80. Chinese history books are equally important. When I was leaving China to study abroad, father bought a set of Tong Wen lithographic edition of The First Four Books of History, and crammed them into my travelling box, taking up half of its space. Several years later, however, after drifting along abroad, I returned home carrying with me the same books all unread. It was not until 40 years later that I plucked up enough courage to read through Tong Jian. So many books still remain to be read, and I much regret not having enough time to do it.
    Whatever you do, you need a sound body first of all. In my school days, in response to the so-called "compulsory physical exercises", I went in for many sports at the expense of many pairs of sneakers and rackets, thus luckily building up a minimum of good physique. When I was approaching old age, I did tai ji quan (shadow boxing) for several years. Now I only do some walking exercises. Dear young friends, my advice to you is: Do physical exercises perseveringly. That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting. Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career.
解析 背景介绍
    这段文字节选自梁实秋的散文《时间即生命》，读来使人受益匪浅。梁实秋(1902～1987)为我国著名现代作家、翻译家，一生致力于英国文学研究。《时间即生命》选自他的散文集《雅舍小品》。
难点解析
-  主要的原因是懒：可译为“due primarily to my slothfulness”。其中“slothfulness”与“laziness”同义。
-  翻译之所以完成，主要的是因为活得相当长久，十分惊险：其意思为“幸亏自己命长，否则可能完成不了莎士比亚的翻译”。其中“十分惊险”的意思是“险些完成不了”。全句译为“The whole project would probably have fallen through had it not been for my fairlylong life．”。fall through：fail；miscarry；come to nothing(失败；成为泡影)。例如，  “His scheme fell through．(他的计划失败了)”。
-  但体力渐衰，有力不从心之感：译为“because of my approaching senility, somehow I failed to do what I had wished to”，其中“senility”指“因年迈而导致身心两方面的衰退”。
-  假使年轻的时候鞭策自己，如今当有较好或较多的表现：根据上下文，作者在感叹要是年轻时能更珍惜时间会有更大的成就。用if条件句时，要使用虚拟语气。故译为“Had I spurred myself on in my youth，I would have done more and better work．”。
-  然而：可译为感叹词“alas”。
-  作为一个中国人，经书不可不读：  “经书”指“中国的经典书籍”，故译为“The reading of Chinese classics is a must for all Chinese．”。
-  才知道读书自修的重要：根据上下文，  “读书”应指“读经书”，故此句译为“came to realize the importance of self-study in the matter of classics”，其中“in the matter of”作“in relation to”或“in regard to(就……而论)”解。
-  我披阅，我圈点：译为“I did read carefully though，marking words and phrases for special attention with small circles and dots”，其中“I did read carefully though”是增译部分，强调“我”读书的认真。
-  五十以学易，可以无大过矣：出自《论语-述而》中的“子曰，加我数年，五十以学易，可以无大过矣。”其意为“让我再多活几年，到50岁时去学习《易经》，就可以没有多大的过错了。”现按此意用加字法译为：  “Confucius says，‘I shall be free of great faults if I can live long enough to begin the study of Yi at the age of 50．’”。
-  史书也很重要：意为“历史书籍同样重要”，故译为“Chinese history books are equally important．”。
-  同文石印的前四史：  “前四史(The First Four Books of History)”指《史记》(The Historical Records)、《汉书》(The Book of Han)、《后汉书》(The Book of Later Han)以及《三国志》(The Annals of the Three Kingdoms)。故译为“the Tong Wen lithographic edition of The First Four Books of History”。Lithography：process of printing from parts of a flat stone or sheet of zinc or aluminum that are prepared to receive a greasy ink(平版印刷术；石版印刷术；金属版印刷术)。
-  行箧：“箧”意为“小箱子”，故“行箧”译为“travelling box”。
-  在外国混了几年之后：译为“Several years later, however, after drifting along abroad”，其中“drift along”表示“随波逐流；混日子”。
-  把前四史原封带回来了：  “原封(带回来)”指“没有阅读”，故译为“I returned home carrying with me the same books all unread”。
-  《通鉴》：即《资治通鉴》，故直接音译为“Tong Jian”，也可加注：Tong Jian—the 294-volume chronicle by Sima Guang。
-  健康的身体：译为“a sound body”。
-  强迫运动：译为“compulsory physical exercises”。
-  最低限度的体力：译为“a minimum of good physique”，其中“physique”指“structure and development of the body(体格；身体的构造与发育)”。
-  这不是嬉戏，不是浪费时间：  “这不是……”可译为“That has nothing to do with…”，故全句译为“That has nothing to do with merry-making or time-wasting．”。
-  健康的身体是做人做事的真正的本钱：译为“Good health is the wherewithal for a successful life and career”，其中“the wherewithal”意同“the necessary means(必要的资金、手段等)”。  “做人做事”指“生活”与“事业”两方面，故参照上下文译为“a successful life and career”。
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