首页
登录
职称英语
The transportation of convicts to Australia was phased out between 1840 an
The transportation of convicts to Australia was phased out between 1840 an
游客
2024-10-12
0
管理
问题
The transportation of convicts to Australia was phased out between 1840 and 1868, the continent of Australia had been divided into FIVE separate colonies, each not seeing eye-to-eye and exhibiting more loyalty to London to each other. A major force within the colonies was the squatocracy--the rich officers and settlers a. k. a. opportunists who had followed the explorers into fertile hinterlands. They simply laid claim to or squatted upon enormous tracts of land, often 20,000 acres and more. Free for all, mate with lots of social tension. Development of Australia was at a steady but unspectacular rate. Then came the GOLD RUSH period!
Gold was originally discovered in Australia by Rev. W. B. Clarke in 1841, but the news was sup-pressed. The Governor Sir George Gipps had said to him--"Put it away, Mr. Clarke, or we shall all have our throats cut!" In 1851, Edward Hargraves, an Australian veteran of the California U.S.A. gold rush, went to the tributaries of the MacOuarie River near Bathurst, 170 km. west of Sydney--and found gold, and the rush was on. Each colony tried to find their own. In Victoria, gold was found in Castlemaine, Ballarat and Bendigo. Gold rushes flared like bushfire around the continent for the next two decades. For all the chaos of the diggings, there was also considerable order, honesty, discipline and political solidarity between the diggers--contrasting with the lynch law of California U. S. A.. The rest of the world, on hearing tales of giant nuggets and creeks paved with gold, set sail to Australia! In 1852 alone, 95,000 new arrivals flooded into New South Wales and Victoria. The largest minority were the Chinese, who were much resented by the other settlers for their willingness to work hard, for keeping to themselves, and for their "sheer numbers").
On 1st January, 1901, not only a new century but also a new nation would be born--Australia. In September 1900, Queen Victoria of England regally proclaimed the birth of a new nation. The table at which she signed this proclamation was then shipped from London to Sydney, where on the 1st January, 1901 at Centennial Park, Sydney, the Federal Commonwealth of Australia was inaugurated by the first governor-general of Australia--Lord Hopetoun.
New nation, however, still attached to Mother England. Like a little child stepping out, Australia’s constitution was rather tame compared to the United States of America. The Queen of Britain remained the head of state, retaining the power over all foreign affairs; her direct representative in Australia was the Governor-General. British parliamentary legislation could overrule any laws passed by the Commonwealth of Australia. Few Australians objected to this arrangement, for each of the six colonies felt more at ease dealing with England ("motherland") than with dealing with one another. For her part, Mother England did not let the "baby" new nation escape the interests of imperialism. She expected and got continuing sup-port in her military involvements and ample returns on her substantial investments in Australia.
For the longer term, a capital city was needed and both Sydney and Melbourne each wished that it to be in its own state. However, neither of the longstanding rivals would permit it in the other’s backyard! After considerable backbiting, a separate Australian Capital Territory was proposed at a point between the two cities. Hence the future city of Canberra (meaning "meeting place" in Aboriginal language), to be the Australian Capital Territory, was thus allocated on the beautiful Monaro Tablelands area. [br] Along with gold diggings, diggers in Australia ______ .
选项
A、were hostile to each other
B、were aggressive to each other
C、used lynch law among themselves
D、kept a good social order
答案
D
解析
事实细节题。根据第二段中间部分对澳大利亚淘金者的描述是诚实、守纪、团结等,并与美国的淘金热中所发生的私刑进行对比,所以答案为D 。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3798536.html
相关试题推荐
TheAustralianpainteriscontentedwitheveryexhibitontheshow,withtheind
WhatcanwelearnaboutriversinAustralia?[br][originaltext]Atleasts
WhatcanwelearnaboutriversinAustralia?[originaltext]Atleastsevenp
Economicsisbeyondthe______ofachild’smind.A、scopeB、rangeC、phaseD、borde
Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?[br][originaltext]George:(
Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?[originaltext]George:(l[B])
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thce
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thce
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thce
Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thce
随机试题
Amoreimportantinfluenceontheboy’s(personally)______camefromhisparent
Youcanstretchyourlegsonthespaciousdecks,playgames,swimandenjoygood
高中化学《化学反应条件的控制》 一、考题回顾
需首先做的辅助检查是() A.泌尿系平片 B.逆行肾盂造影 C.放射性
关于采用地质雷达法进行隧道超前地质预报,请回答以下问题。(4)关于地质雷达法的预
治疗阴虚阳亢所致的烦躁不安,心悸失眠,头晕目眩耳鸣者,应首选A.决明子 B.地
中药剂型选择的原则不包括A根据应用及储运 B根据药物的性质选择 C根据防治疾
患者,男性,65岁,3年前起中上腹部隐痛,呈间歇性,通常于饭前或饭后4~5小时发
预防佝偻病发生的措施错误的是A:母孕期应多晒太阳 B:母孕期末三个月应补充维生
在确定项目债务资金结构比例时,重要的是在()之间取得平衡。A.债务期限和融
最新回复
(
0
)