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Why do the changes in climate occur? [br] [originaltext] Today I want to tal
Why do the changes in climate occur? [br] [originaltext] Today I want to tal
游客
2024-10-11
18
管理
问题
Why do the changes in climate occur? [br]
Today I want to talk about the Earth’s last major climatic shift, at the end of the last ice age. But first, let’s back up a moment and review what we know about climatic change in general. We defined "climate" as consistent patterns of weather over significant periods of time.
In general, changes in climate occur when the energy balance of the Earth is disturbed. Solar energy enters the Earth’s atmosphere as light and is radiated by the Earth’s surface as heat. Land, water, and ice each affect this energy exchange differently. The system is so complex that, to date, our best computer models are only crude approximations and are not sophisticated enough toTEST hypotheses about the causes of climatic change. Of course, that doesn’t keep us from speculating. For instance, volcanic activity is one mechanism that might affect climatic change. (12) When large volcanoes erupt, they disperse tons of particles into the upper atmosphere, where the particles then reflect light. Since less light is entering the system of energy exchange, the result would be a cooling of the Earth’s surface.
Of course, this is just one possible mechanism of global climate change. In all probability, (13) a complete explanation would involve several different mechanisms operating at the same time.
选项
A、a rise in temperature of the Earth’s surface
B、a cooling of the Earth’s surface
C、complete darkness on Earth’s surface
D、a lack of water on Earth’s surface
答案
B
解析
细节题。原文中指出火山爆发会往高层大气中喷射成吨的颗粒,它们反射阳光,使地表接收不到足够的热量,因此会造成地球表面的冷却,因此正确答案为B。
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