首页
登录
职称英语
Almost 60% of five-year-olds in some of Britain’s poorest areas do not reach
Almost 60% of five-year-olds in some of Britain’s poorest areas do not reach
游客
2024-10-04
8
管理
问题
Almost 60% of five-year-olds in some of Britain’s poorest areas do not reach a "good level" of behaviour and understanding—double that found in wealthier suburban parts of England, a review into Britain’s widening social and health inequalities says.
Inequalities in children’s development between local authorities are revealed by data published by Sir Michael Marmot, professor of epidemiology(流行病学)and public health at University College London, who last year produced a landmark government review into how wealth affects health. The key determinants of health, he argues, relate to a host of issues including employment, the welfare state and child development.
His new report shows that 44% of all five-year-olds in England are considered by their teachers to be falling behind in their development. However in commuter towns, such as Solihull and Richmond upon Thames, state schools report this figure to be about 30%. In Haringey, a deprived part of north London, it is almost double.
Marmot, a public health specialist and author of Fair Society, Healthy Lives, said: "The evidence is very clear: investing in pre-school years pays most dividends. We already know that by the age of 10 a child from a poorer background will have lost any advantage of intelligence indicated at 22 months, whereas a child from an affluent family will have improved his or her cognitive scores purely because of his/her advantaged background."
He pointed out that "education and child development are key for health. It is the educated who stop smoking... we know the key driver of teenage pregnancy is not getting early child development. You are not going to get pregnant as a teenager if you develop as a child."
Only two dozen authorities of the 150 surveyed could claim to have more than half their five-year-olds passing the educational standard set by the government. Marmot said he was concerned that the government was just focusing on the "poorest" in society—the middle class of society needed help too. "I have tried to have this conversation with government without much success," he said, adding that "cuts to Sure Start and children’s centres won’t help".
There was also an alarming health gap opening up within areas. Marmot pointed out that in Westminster the average life expectancy of male residents was 83, five years longer man the English norm, but this masked wide differences. The poorest in the London borough could expect to live 17 years less than the richest.
Not only is life expectancy linked to social standing, so is the time spent in good health. The review reveals that Wirral, in north-west England, has the biggest difference in "disability-free life expectancy" between those at the top and those at the bottom of the economic ladder, with wealthy people likely to live 20 years longer without physical impairment.
The data is meant to inform ministers as the government has proposed taking public health out of the National Health Service and put under the control of local authorities. [br] The word "authorities" in the passage has the closest meaning to
选项
A、child health specialists.
B、administrative districts.
C、authoritative reviews.
D、government officials.
答案
B
解析
authorities一词可在第2段第1句、第6段第1句和最后一段找到,其中在第2段和最后一段,authorities均被local修饰,结合上下文可以推断authorities应该与第1段提到的areas,parts和第3段中的towns等意思相近,local authorities最可能是“地方当局”(即“区域、地区”)的意思,故应选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3786463.html
相关试题推荐
Almost60%offive-year-oldsinsomeofBritain’spoorestareasdonotreach
Almost60%offive-year-oldsinsomeofBritain’spoorestareasdonotreach
Almost60%offive-year-oldsinsomeofBritain’spoorestareasdonotreach
Almost60%offive-year-oldsinsomeofBritain’spoorestareasdonotreach
Itoftenhappensthatanumberofapplicantswithalmostidenticalqualifica
Itoftenhappensthatanumberofapplicantswithalmostidenticalqualifica
StrikesanddemonstrationsinGermany,BritainandFrancehelpedtomakethe
StrikesanddemonstrationsinGermany,BritainandFrancehelpedtomakethe
StrikesanddemonstrationsinGermany,BritainandFrancehelpedtomakethe
StrikesanddemonstrationsinGermany,BritainandFrancehelpedtomakethe
随机试题
Whenolderpeoplecannolongerremembernamesatacocktailparty,theyten
关于工程成本描述正确的是()。A.指施工企业或项目部为取得并完成某项工程所支付
当x→0时,与x2为同阶无穷小的是( )。
在某销售系统中,客户采用扫描二维码进行支付。若采用面向对象方法开发该销售系统,则
美国纽约是世界著名城市,在历史上其名称几经变化:1626年之后叫新阿姆斯特丹,1
一侧瞳孔散大、固定,常提示A.氯丙嗪中毒 B.有机磷农药中毒 C.颅内压增高
第1~3肋骨不易骨折是因为前端受锁骨保护,后侧受到了A.肋间内肌保护 B.背阔
经批准占用耕地的,耕地占用税的纳税义务发生时间为纳税人收到自然资源主管部门办理占
(2020年真题)建筑安装工程分部工程质量验收的负责人是()。A.专业监理工程
某工程项目完工后,承包单位于2019年8月8日向业主方提交竣工验收报告。业主方为
最新回复
(
0
)