首页
登录
职称英语
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the clas
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the clas
游客
2024-09-10
26
管理
问题
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
(2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
(3)Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ in-tuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha!" experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to en-gender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.
(4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by
acting and analyzing in close concert.
[br] How the writers on management understand intuition can be best described as ______.
选项
A、contradictory
B、irrational
C、insightful
D、vague
答案
D
解析
原文中的poor grasp表明作者认为管理学著作的作者对“直觉”认识不明确,由此可见,选项D为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3751980.html
相关试题推荐
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
(1)Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclas
Whichofthefollowingreflexivepronouns(反身代词)isusedasanappositive?A、Iha
Thefollowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeusedwithbothpluralanduncountablenou
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsindicatesapredicate-objectrelationshi
WhichofthefollowingsentencesisCORRECT?A、Arthritisisadiseasecausingpai
Whichofthefollowingisadynamicverb(动态动词)?A、Believe.B、Feel.C、Consider.D
Inwhichofthefollowingsentences,"it"isusedforemphasis?A、Itiseverybody
Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?A、Irecommendthatyo
随机试题
[originaltext]Expertsinthefoodindustryarethinkingalotabouttrasht
( )火灾报警控制器直接连接火灾探测器,处理各种报警信息,同时还与集中型火灾报
一位巨幼细胞贫血患儿肌内注射维生素B(规格0.5mg/ml),按一次剂量为25~
钢筋混凝土构件中,钢筋和混凝土两种材料能结合在一起共同工作的条件,以下叙述正确的
炒后产生焦香气味,增强健脾消食作用的是()。A.酸枣仁B.麦芽C.瓜萎仁D.紫
下列关于指数修匀法的说法中,正确的有()。A.指数修匀法是以本期的实际值和
"肾上腺皮质激素抗风湿、撤药后症状反跳"属于A.后遗效应 B.停药反应 C.
下列各项中,对规模经济和学习经济之间的关系作出正确表述的是()。A.两者总
总分类账最常用的格式为多栏式账簿。()
关于电缆敷设的要求中,正确的有()。A.敷设在排管内的电缆, 可不采用铠
最新回复
(
0
)