Lack of culture, or rather an excess of the wrong sort of culture, is of

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问题       Lack of culture, or rather an excess of the wrong sort of culture, is often considered to be synonymous with disadvantage.Most commonly associated with low cultural standards are low levels of rea-ding, and some thirteen per cent of all twenty-three-year-olds feel they have trouble with reading and writing.One way of compensating such disadvantaged young people is thought to be to provide them with the culture they lack: in particular, high quality reading material.
      Whereas forty to fifty per cent of young people aged sixteen to twenty rarely read a book, the majority appear to read comics.In 1991 sales of Viz—-a UK comic—exceeded one million copies per issue, making it the fourth best-selling periodical in Britain.The reading of comics, however, is not restricted to young people: by 1992 it was estimated that two out of three men aged eighteen to fifty-three read Viz.The number of imitators of this comic has spawned, including Zit, Gas, Brain Damage and Swiz, indicating the extent of the influence it wields.
      The reading of comics was traditionally regarded by the educational establishment with considerable suspicion.Whereas the received arts were always assumed to exert an improving or civilizing influence, comics were thought to "rot children’s brains", to lower educational standards and to threaten morality.They were, and are, assumed to be an inferior cultural form: their readers assumed to come from the lower social classes, to be low educational attainers and to be easily led astray.
      Over the past decade, perceptions of comics have shifted.Since the 1970s, the comic format has been commonly used to represent the interests of various disenfranchised groups—community groups, the unemployed, welfare recipients of who became more conscious of a climate conditioned by other contemporary movements such as civil rights, consumerism, self-help and deinstitutionalization.As cultural signifiers, comics have become the subject matter of academic’ courses in cultural and media studies.Indeed, young people’s cultural activities grounded in the commercial rather than the subsidized sector, are beginning to merit the attention of the arts establishment.
      Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
      Low cultural standards, such as 【R1】_______of reading, a difficulty experienced by many young adults, are often associated with disadvantage.While around half of sixteen to twenty-year-olds rarely read books, most will read comics.Although many comics in Britain are 【R2】_______and have lots of readers, the educational establishment still considers them to be an【R3】_______appealing only to the lower levels of society.However, attitudes are beginning to change as the format has been adopted to 【R4】_______of disenfranchised groups.Certain comics have been included in the courses of 【R5】_______studies.Young people’s cultural activities are beginning to attract the attention of the arts establishment. [br] 【R1】

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答案 low levels

解析根据题目定位到原文第一段第二句“Most commonly associated with low cultural standards are low levels of reading,"可知此处指较低的文化标准和较低的阅读水平有很大关系,故本空填low levels。

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