首页
登录
职称英语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about ha
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about ha
游客
2024-08-13
20
管理
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make subtle distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among-acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous. [br] According to the passage, Darley found that after seven months of kindergarten six year olds acquired which of the following abilities?
选项
A、Differentiating between foreseeable and unforeseeable harm
B、Identifying with the perpetrator of a harmful action
C、Justifying harmful actions that result from provocation
D、Evaluating the magnitude of negative consequences resulting from the breaking of rules
答案
A
解析
由上文could not differentiate between foreseeable…and unforeseeable harm可知,7个月后,儿童会有辨别可预知和不可预知伤害行为的能力。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3717356.html
相关试题推荐
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Thisbarchartshowshowmanytimesaclassofchildrenhitatargetwithaset
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
随机试题
YoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesarefallingbehindtheiroverseaspeersin
[originaltext]Robertwassogoodathisprofessionthathewasabletomake
[originaltext]Collegebrochuresoftendepictfresh-faced,newly-mintedhigh
Text1InJanuarycommutersvotedBirmin
控制职能与下述的哪一个管理职能被描述为是管理工作的一对连体婴?( )A.计划职
给水水平管道应有()的坡度坡向泄水装置。A.0.0012~0.003 B.0
通过高中化学选修课程化学原理的学习。学生应主要在以下几个方面得到发展.其中描述错
秦皮来源于()。A.芸香科B.木樨科C.萝摩科D.五加科E.小檗科
利息支付倍数的计算中,经营业务收益是指( )。A:息税前利润 B:损益表中扣除
价值工程活动的核心是()。A:收集情报B:功能整理C:功能定义D:功能分析
最新回复
(
0
)