首页
登录
职称英语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about ha
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about ha
游客
2024-08-13
5
管理
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for transgressions on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as naughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self-defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann feel bad". Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make subtle distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among-acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous. [br] According to the passage, Piaget and Keasey would not have agreed on which of the following points?
选项
A、The kinds of excuses children give for harmful acts they commit
B、The age at which children begin to discriminate between intentional and unintentional harm
C、The intentions children have in perpetrating harm
D、The circumstances under which children punish harmful acts
答案
B
解析
由第一段Piaget…under age seven do not take into account the intentions和Keasey…six-year-old children distinguish…可知,两人对儿童形成辨别能力的年龄持不同观点。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3717357.html
相关试题推荐
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Welearntoliewhenwearechildren,discoveringaswegetolderandasour
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Theageatwhichyoungchildrenbegintomakemoraldiscriminationsaboutha
Thisbarchartshowshowmanytimesaclassofchildrenhitatargetwithaset
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
Lastspring,myhusbandandIloadedourthreechildrenintothecaranddro
随机试题
[originaltext]M:Thesevegetableslooksofreshandtheyareonly25centsapo
Robotsareusefulinexploringspacebecausetheycanworkintheconditions
赫尔巴特的四段教学法
地下工程通向地面的各种孔口应防地面水倒灌,下列措施中哪项是错误的?( )A.人
钢结构的主要缺点之一是()。A.结构自重大 B.施工困难 C.不耐火,易
现要求实现一个能够自动生成求职简历的程序,简历的基本内容包括求职者的姓名、性别、
个人商用房贷款借款人应具备的基本条件包括()A:具有完全民事行为能力的自然人B
简述促进知识概括的主要方法。
药品生产企业启动三级召回后,应在规定时间内将调查评估报告和召回计划递交给所在地省
关于可撤销合同的说法,正确的是( )。A.代理权终止后,代理人以被代理人的名义订
最新回复
(
0
)