首页
登录
职称英语
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the
游客
2024-08-08
5
管理
问题
The component of the healthy personality that is the first to develop is the sense of trust. As with other personality components, the sense of trust is not something that develops independent of other manifestations of growth. It is not that infants learn how to use their bodies for purposeful movement, learn to recognize people and objects around them, and also develop a sense of trust. Rather, the concept "sense of trust" is a shortcut expression intended to convey the characteristic flavor of all the child’s satisfying experiences at this early age.
Studies of mentally ill individuals and observations of infants who have been grossly deprived of affection suggest that trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality. Psychiatrists find again and again that the most serious illnesses occur in patients who have been sorely neglected or abused or otherwise deprived of love in infancy.
Observations of infants brought up in emotionally unfavorable institutions or moved to hospitals with inadequate facilities for psychological care support these findings. A recent report says that "Infants under 5 months of age who have been in an institution for some time present a well-defined picture. The outstanding features are listlessness, relative immobility, quietness, poor sleep, an appearance of unhappiness, etc." Another investigation of children separated from their mothers at 6 to 12 months and not provided with an adequate substitute comes to much the same conclusion.
Most significant for our present point, these reactions are most likely to occur in children who, up to the time of separation at 6 to 9 months of age, had a happy relation with their mothers, while those whose relations were unhappy are relatively unaffected. It is at about this age that the struggle between trusting and mistrusting the world comes to a climax, for it is then that children first perceive clearly that they and their environment are things apart. That at this point formerly happy infants should react so badly to separation suggests, indeed, that they had a faith that now has been shattered.
In most primitive societies and in some sections of our own society, the attention accorded infants is more in line with natural processes. Throughout infancy the baby is surrounded by people who are ready to feed it, fondle it, and otherwise comfort it at a moment’s notice. Moreover, these ministrations are given spontaneously and wholeheartedly, and without that element of nervous concern that may characterize the efforts of young mothers made self-conscious and insecure by our scientific age.
We must not exaggerate, however. Most infants in our society too find smiles and comfort. As their own bodies come to be more dependable, there is added to the pleasures of increasing sensory response and motor control the pleasure of the mothers’ encouragement. Then, too, psychologists tell us that mothers create a sense of trust in their children not by the particular techniques they employ but by the sensitiveness with which they respond to the children’s needs and by their overall attitude. [br] The author raises evidence of mental illness and other disorders in children ______.
选项
A、to introduce a discussion of the effect of institutions on children
B、to show the effect on children of an unhappy relation with their mothers during infancy
C、to warn parents of the dangers of neglecting and abusing their children
D、to support the point that trust is an early formed and important element of a healthy personality
答案
D
解析
第二段第一句话提出论点“…trust is an early-formed and important element in the healthy personality.”后面内容均与这点相关。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3710821.html
相关试题推荐
—So,whatexactlydoyoudo?—I’mresponsiblefornewproductdevelopment.Irep
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Whyisitsaidthattheeconomyishealthywith20millionunemployed?[br][or
Americanschoolstendtoputmoreemphasisondeveloping______skillsthanthey
WhatistheadvantageofthenewtechnologybeingdevelopedbyNurEnergyCompan
AncientChinadevelopedauniquecivilization,whichwasmysteriousanddifficul
Womenareparticularly________todevelopingdepressionandanxietydisordersin
Inadultssimilarsymptomsofscurvydevelopinpeople______whohavebeendepr
Oneofthemostinterestingdevelopmentsinthetoymarkethasbeenthe【21】i
随机试题
电子货币e-currency
勒·柯布西耶设计的法国马赛公寓在住宅形式上属于( )。A.内廊式住宅 B.内
肠道中正常菌群,对维持微生物平衡作用很大的厌氧菌为A.放线菌B.双歧杆菌C.丙酸
共用题干 女性,69岁,跌倒后造成左股骨颈骨折,行走困难,被收入院。该病人此时
研究表明,学习的熟练程度达到150%时,记忆效果最好。
思想品德教育的实质是() A.将学生的道德认知转化为道德行为 B.培
在项目整体的进度管理体系及各个参与方承担的进度管理工作中,()所做的进度管理工作
关于项目社会评价的说法,正确的是()A:社会评价往往具有明确的判断标准 B:社
用于保护高压电压互感器的一次侧熔断器,需要校验下列哪些项目?()A.额定电压
(2021年第1批真题)公路工程中既能平整场地,清除表土,又能修补路基的机械是(
最新回复
(
0
)