首页
登录
职称英语
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once
游客
2024-06-11
52
管理
问题
The developing countries of Central and South America, Africa, and Asia once merely exported raw materials and cash crops in return for manufactured goods. People in these countries provided for most of their own needs through subsistence agriculture and small-scale crafts. In time, though, people in these countries grew increasingly dependent on the global economy, because local crafts could not compete with the cheap, factory-made exports of the developed countries, such as European nations, the United States, and Japan. To decrease their dependence, many developing countries sought to strengthen their economies by building factories, modern dams, and roads during the 1960s and 1970s. Governments frequently made poor financial choices. However, infrastructure projects such as dams and highways were often too massive for local needs. Choices about industry were sometimes not based on the best interests of the country, and protection from competition frequently resulted in inferior goods. As a result, products could not compete on the global market with the higher-quality goods from the industrialized countries. Many developing countries then had little income to pay off debts incurred(招致) during their expansion.
A few developing economies succeeded in building prosperity through industrialization during the 20th century. The most notable of these were South Korea, Singapore, and Hong Kong S. A. R. Like Japan during the 19th century, they established tariffs and other barriers to protect local products from foreign competition and invested local wealth in industrial development. Also like Japan, they focused on selling the products they manufactured to foreign consumers in order to bring wealth into the country. By the end of the 20th century some experts considered these economies to be developed, rather than developing, although many of South Korea’s economic successes were reversed in the financial crisis of 1997. Following a similar path, China advanced economically through a rapid expansion of manufactured exports during the late 20th century,
Meanwhile, multinationals based in the economically developed world set up low-wage manufacturing facilities in some developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia and in Central and South America. These factories typically generated few long-term benefits for the local economy. The profits flowed outside the country to the shareholders of the foreign multinationals. Also, the developing countries were forced to participate in a "race to the bottom" to attract multinational investment. If a developing country or its people sought higher wages or enforced labor or environmental protections, multinationals often simply relocated production to a country with lower costs. [br] What measures did the developing countries take to keep their economy independent in the 1960s and 1970s?
选项
答案
Building factories, modern dams, and roads.
解析
本题问“二十世纪六、七十年代发展中国家通过什么措施来缓解其经济对发达国家过分依赖的现状”。根据题文中的关键词"independent"可确定相关部分在文中第一段六行处。文中提到"To decrease their dependence, many developing countries sought to strengthen their economies by building factories,modern dams,and roads during the 1960s and 1970s." (二十世纪六、七十年代,为了减少本同对全球经济的依赖,许多发展中国家通过建设工厂、现代化的水坝以及道路等措施来增强其经济实力)。因此,答案为Building factories,modern dams,and roads。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3629182.html
相关试题推荐
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaonce
ItseemslikeAmericansusecreditcardsforeverything.It’saloteasiert
ItseemslikeAmericansusecreditcardsforeverything.It’saloteasiert
ItseemslikeAmericansusecreditcardsforeverything.It’saloteasiert
[originaltext]EmilyDickinsonisoneofthegreatestAmericanpoets.Shewa
[originaltext]EmilyDickinsonisoneofthegreatestAmericanpoets.Shewa
Ninety-sixpercentofAmericanhomeshaveatleastonetelevisionsetwhich
Ninety-sixpercentofAmericanhomeshaveatleastonetelevisionsetwhich
Ninety-sixpercentofAmericanhomeshaveatleastonetelevisionsetwhich
随机试题
SixStepstoTacklingYourStudentLoans[A]Anypaymentisago
某隧道衬砌结构为一次喷护15cm厚混凝土和二次模筑30cm厚混凝土复合衬砌,两次
患者,女,34岁,反复中上腹饱胀不适6年,无黑便和贫血。胃镜检查提示慢性胃窦胃炎
( )是指中国人民银行根据规定遴选符合条件的债券二级市场参与者作为中国人民银行
民用建筑工程根据控制室内环境污染的不同要求,属于Ⅰ类民用建筑工程的是()。A、旅
单元检测后,照例是一节讲评课。上课不到十分钟,王谨同学又在翻来覆去弄卷,我用严厉
为了加强民办社会工作服务机构能力建设,《民政部关于进一步加快推进民办社会工作服务
口腔颌面部感染的主要途径是A:牙源性感染 B:腺源性感染 C:损伤性感染
某工程有4个设计方案,方案一的功能系数为0.61,成本系数为0.55;方案二的功
关于建设工程项目招标或资格预审文件的表述中,错误的是()。A.招标文件或者资格
最新回复
(
0
)