首页
登录
职称英语
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors a
游客
2024-04-04
63
管理
问题
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It’s not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of question. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factor.
That our environment has little, if anything to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act Behaviorists see humans as being whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. Their view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.
The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligent test This leads some "nature" proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically inferior to whites. Behaviorists, in contrast, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that white enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.
Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes.
That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. [br] What can we learn about the behaviorists?
选项
A、They believe human beings are mechanical
B、They compare our behaviors to the machines.
C、They suggest that we react to the environment as the machines do.
D、They uphold that the mechanistic theory can be applied on us as well.
答案
C
解析
本题实际上考查对第4段末句的正确理解。原文该句中的like machines,humans respond…表明作者并非单纯把人类比作机器,而是把人类对环境的反应与机械对环境的反应作类比,故选项C正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3540663.html
相关试题推荐
Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsa
Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsa
Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsa
Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsa
Ihaveworkedwithsomanypeopleovertheyearsthathavemademewonderho
Ihaveworkedwithsomanypeopleovertheyearsthathavemademewonderho
Peopletravelinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywould
Peopletravelinglongdistancesfrequentlyhavetodecidewhethertheywould
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
PeoplewhospendalotoftimesurfingtheInternetaremorelikelytoshow
随机试题
Endingtheconversation结束谈话Wouldyouexcuseme—ImusthaveaquickwordwithPe
(1)OfallthecatastrophesmatcouldbefallAmericaincomingyears,abigt
[originaltext]W:Goodafternoon.ThisisJanespeaking.HowcanIhelpyou?M:
自动安平水准仪精平时用的是()。A.自动补偿装置 B.管水准器 C.圆水准
下列选项中,不是宫内节育器的并发症的是:()A.节育器嵌顿 B.子
解表剂不宜用于A.疮疡初起 B.外感风寒 C.风温初起 D.水肿见有表证者
项目融资的类型有()。A.产品支付 B.远期购买 C.BOT(建设-经营-
在组织层级中,()工作实质是将决策付诸实施的一整套过程。A.决策层 B.管理层
某运输公司2020年有货运汽车及挂车各10辆,每辆汽车整备质量20吨
下列属于工程索赔产生原因的有()。A.合同缺陷 B.工程师指令 C
最新回复
(
0
)