首页
登录
职称英语
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countri
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countri
游客
2024-01-23
37
管理
问题
Back in 1975, economists plotted rising life expectancies against countries’ wealth, and concluded that wealth itself increases longevity. It seemed self-evident: everything people need to be healthy—from food to medical care—costs money.
But soon it emerged that the data didn’t always fit that theory. Economic upturns didn’t always mean longer lives. In addition, for reasons that weren’t clear, a given gain in gross domestic product (GDP) caused increasingly higher gains in life expectancy over time, as though it was becoming cheaper to add years of life. Moreover, in the 1980s researchers found gains in literacy were associated with greater increases in life expectancy than gains in wealth were. Finally, the more educated people in any country tend to live longer than their less educated fellow citizens. But such people also tend to be wealthier, so it has been difficult to untangle which factor is increasing lifespan.
Wolfgang Lutz and his colleagues have now done that by compiling average data on GDP per person, lifespans, and years of education from 174 countries, dating from 1970 to 2010. They found that, just as in 1975, wealth correlated with longevity. But the correlation between longevity and years of schooling was closer, with a direct relationship that did not change over time, the way wealth does. When the team put both these factors into the same mathematical model, they found that differences in education closely predicted differences in life expectancy, while changes in wealth barely mattered.
Lutz argues that because schooling happens many years before a person has attained their life expectancy, this correlation reflects cause: better education drives longer life. It also tends to lead to more wealth, which is why wealth and longevity are also correlated. But what is important, says Lutz, is that wealth does not seem to be driving longevity, as experts thought—in fact, education is driving both of them.
He thinks this is because education permanently improves a person’s cognitive abilities, allowing better planning and self-control throughout the rest of their life. This idea is supported by the fact that people who are more intelligent appear to live longer. [br] Why has it been difficult to decide which factor is increasing lifespan according to Para. 2?
选项
A、Because less educated people tend to be richer.
B、Because more educated people tend to live longer.
C、Because less educated people tend to live longer.
D、Because more educated people tend to be richer.
答案
D
解析
推理判断题。第二段最后两句提到了一个有关教育和寿命的现象,即任何国家受教育程度更高的人往往比受教育程度较低的同胞活得更久。但是这样的人往往也更富有,因此难以确定是哪个因素延长了寿命。其中最后一句中的such people指的是the more educated people,所以本题答案为D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3387709.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]With32countriescompetinginthemonth-longWorldCup,it’s
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中
Inthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury,manycountriesoftheSouth(发展中
[originaltext]Insomecountriestheideaofpaternityleave---whenafatherta
Threekeyfactsaboutrisingsealevelsneedtobepointedouttotheworld’
Threekeyfactsaboutrisingsealevelsneedtobepointedouttotheworld’
Forcenturies,inthecountriesofsouthandSoutheastAsiatheelephanthas
Forcenturies,inthecountriesofsouthandSoutheastAsiatheelephanthas
Likeaneedleclimbingupabathroomscale,thenumberkeepsrising.In1991
随机试题
Apreviouslyunknowndisease,SARShasenteredourdailyvocabulary.Nowwe
WhatistrueabouttheEnglishcharacter?[br][originaltext]F:Johnny,what’s
一弹簧振子沿x轴作简谐振动,当t=0时,振子处在x=-A/2(A为振幅)处且向x
患者血浆复钙时间延长,加正常新鲜血浆和正常吸附血浆均能纠正,而正常血清不能纠正,
下列选项中的概念关系,与“春夏秋冬:四季”一致的是()A.喜怒哀乐:情绪 B.
(2020年真题)元胡止痛片的功能是A.理气,宽胸,止痛 B.益气养阴,活血通
具有温胃消食,破积利胆功能,治疗食积恶心,胆囊炎,胆结石,黄疸的藏药是A.五味渣
根据《国务院关于进一步实施东北地区等老工业基地振兴战略的若干意见》,优化东北地区
高性能混凝土(HPC)具有的性能包括()。A.高耐久性 B.高强度 C.高工
应用钢绞线的后张法预应张拉,其张拉控制应力设计值应为预应力钢绞线抗拉标准值的(
最新回复
(
0
)