2. 职称英语
  3. In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South (发展中

In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South (发展中

游客2024-01-27  19
问题    In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South (发展中国家) began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.
   But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied. In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.
   In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program’ s Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate (移居国外的) Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.
   Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce. As a result, there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue. [br] It can be concluded that the problem of the developing countries will continue______.
选项 A、if the developing countries satisfy their current institutional structures
B、unless those countries no longer send numerous students to be trained abroad
C、if the governments fail to adopt flexible administrative procedures
D、if the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can train
答案 C
解析 由题干中的“the problem of the developing countries will continue”可以定位到文章最后一段的最后一句话。这句话提到，如果不这样做，那人才流失的现象一定还会继续。此处的“这样做”指的是上一句所讲的“必须引进灵活的管理机制来鼓励留学生回国”。由此可知，如果这些发展中国家不能采取灵活的管理机制，人才流失的现象就会继续。故选C。
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