首页
登录
职称英语
Economics[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0100_20121[/img] [br] Listen again to
Economics[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0100_20121[/img] [br] Listen again to
游客
2024-01-04
20
管理
问题
Economics
[br] Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question. Why does the professor say this:
M1: The large economic unit called the "corporation" has come to define business activity in a modern industrial-service economy. Even a mid-sized corporation employs thousands of people, serves hundreds of thousands of customers, and controls assets and does business amounting to several million dollars. The growing power of corporations has brought increased intervention by the only body with sufficient strength and scope to match corporate power. And what body is this? What has enough power to control the corporation?
W: The government.
M1: Yes. The federal government. The economic role of the government has grown tremendously over the past century, as more and more corporate activities have come under regulation. Why has this happened?
M2: Well, to prevent fraud against stockholders, for one thing. Also, to protect customers from fraud, like false advertising.
W: To protect the workers. For example, laws against child labor ... and unsafe working conditions.
M1: Yes. These are all reasons why we have government regulation of business. Not just in this country, but in most advanced industrial and service economies, governments have taken on an increasing role in economic affairs. Let’s take a minute to review what we talked about last time. What are the methods that governments use to influence economic activities? Elizabeth?
W: Taxes. Taxes encourage or discourage certain kinds of economic activity. Taxes are also a way for the government to get money to spend on programs.
M1: That’s right. So ... OK, there’s taxes and ... what else? Joshua?
M2: Government spending-the government gives business incentives to produce certain goods or services. Also ... uh ... spending could take the form of a tax break, or it could be a direct payment, like a government contract, or a grant or a subsidy.
M1: Yes, that’s right. Governments intervene in economic activity through taxation and spending. A third method, of course, what we’ve just been talking about: regulation. There’s been a tremendous increase in the laws and regulations governing the economic affairs of complex societies like ours. Beginning in the late 1800s, our political leaders rejected the idea that "government governs best which governs least." The government started to use its power to police the economic system. One of the first things the government did was to limit the exercise of monopoly power by regulating railroads and public utilities. After that, the government began regulating utility rates--costs for telephone, electricity, fuel, and so on. Since then, a whole set of industries has come under government regulation: financial markets, the airlines, trucking, barge and water traffic, oil and natural gas pipelines, and so on. Also, in recent decades there’s been a rapid growth of social regulation. What do I mean by social regulation?
W: Uh ... things like ... like laws that require a food package to list all the ingredients?
M1: Yes, that’s a good example. There are a number of laws regulating food and cosmetics. Social regulation also includes the laws that were first passed to protect workers in mines, and then workers in general. Now there are laws that protect all of society--for example, regulations for air and water pollution, and for storage and disposal of hazardous materials like nuclear waste. There are also safety standards for automobiles and consumer products, such as car seats for babies. All of these are forms of social regulation. We’ve come a long way since the days of laissez-faire capitalism, when business ran free and unchecked by government. When the political leaders of the nineteenth century first started proposing
regulation of business, this was considered a radical idea. However, with the passage of time, the radical ideas of that era became the accepted convictions of today. The general public has come to accept-and even expect-these limits on capitalism.
选项
A、To state his opinion about the role of government
B、To describe a controversial government policy
C、To show that corporations have political power
D、To explain the origins of government regulation
答案
D
解析
Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
"Beginning in the late 1800s, our political leaders rejected the idea that ’government governs best which governs least.’ The government started to use its power to police the economic system. One of the first things the government did was to limit the exercise of monopoly power by regulating railroads and public utilities.” Why does the professor say this:
"Beginning in the late 1800s, our political leaders rejected the idea that ’government governs best which governs least.’"
The professor’s purpose is to explain the origins of government regulation. Key phrases: Beginning in the late 1800s...; The government started to use its power...; One of the first things the government did....(2.3)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3334185.html
相关试题推荐
NarratorListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandadeanofadmissions
NarratorListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandadeanofadmissions
NarratorListentoapartofalectureinamusicclass.[img]2011q1/ct_etoe
NarratorListentoapartofalectureinamusicclass.[img]2011q1/ct_etoe
NarratorListentoapartofalectureinamusicclass.[img]2011q1/ct_etoe
NarratorListentoapartofadiscussioninabusinessclass.Theprofessor
NarratorListentoapartofadiscussioninabusinessclass.Theprofessor
NarratorListentoapartofadiscussioninabusinessclass.Theprofessor
NarratorListentoapartofadiscussioninabusinessclass.Theprofessor
NarratorListentoapartofadiscussioninabusinessclass.Theprofessor
随机试题
Whatweknowofprenataldevelopmentmakesallthisattemptmadebyamother
IntelCorp.willtrytolivenupthedrabdesktopPClaterthisyearwithn
房地产销售人员应提醒借款人向各银行的抵押贷款产品或抵押贷款服务公司的专业人士进行
尿液呈酱油色的疾病是A.阻塞性黄疸 B.急性溶血 C.丝虫病 D.肾结石
在品德形成的认同阶段,个体在思想、情感、态度和行为上主动接受他人的影响,试图使自
下列估价业务中,属于估价机构不应承接的业务的是( )。A.被动接受的估价业务
下列( )不属于抵押合同的条款。A.被担保债权的种类和数额 B.债务人履行债
下列各项中,影响固定资产折旧的因素有()。A.固定资产原价 B.固定资产的预
投资项目决策分析与评价的基本要求包括贯彻落实科学发展观、资料数据准确可靠和()
某灌注桩计量支付条款约定工程量以米计算,若设计长度为20米的灌注桩,承包人实
最新回复
(
0
)