2. 职称英语
  3. Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task o

Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task o

游客2023-12-31  33
问题     Cooperation is the common endeavor of two or more people to perform a task or reach a jointly cherished goal. Like competition and conflict, there are different forms of cooperation, based on group organization and attitudes.
    In the first form, known as primary cooperation, group and individual unite. The group contains nearly all of each individual’ s life. The rewards of the group’ s work are shared with each member. There is an interlocking identity of individual, group, and task performed. Means and goals become one, for cooperation itself is valued.
    While primary cooperation is most often characteristic of preliterate societies, secondary cooperation is characteristic of many modern societies. In secondary cooperation, individuals devote only part of their lives to the group. Cooperation itself is not a value. Most members of the group feel loyalty, but the welfare of the group is not the first consideration. Members perform tasks so that they can separately enjoy the fruits of their cooperation in the form of salary, prestige, or power. Business offices and professional athletic teams are examples of secondary cooperation.
    In the third type, called tertiary cooperation or accommodation, latent conflict underlies the shared work. The attitudes of the cooperating parties are purely opportunistic; the organization is loose and fragile. Accommodation involves common means to achieve antagonistic goals; it breaks down when the common means cease to aid each party in reaching its goals. This is not, strictly speaking, cooperation at all, and hence the somewhat contradictory term antagonistic cooperation is sometimes used for this relationship. [br] The underlined word "fragile" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to______.
选项 A、inefficient
B、easily broken
C、poorly planned
D、involuntary
答案 B
解析 本题考查词义理解。根据最后一段的“The attitudes of the cooperating parties arepurely opportunistic；the organization is loose and fragile．Accommodation involves commonmeans to achieve antagonistic goals；it breaks down when the common means cease to aid eachparty in reaching its goals．”可知，因为and前后连接并列成分，所以fragile和loose是近义词。此外，此词应是loose的近义词。由此得出此词应有“脆弱，松散”之意。fragile意为easily broken，符合题意。因此，答案是B。
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