中国的教育制度 中国实施九年制义务教育,也就是说,所有的孩子都必须上学读九年书,完成小学和初中的学业。学生想继续学习,就得通过各种不同水平的考试。升

游客2023-12-28  13

问题    中国的教育制度
   中国实施九年制义务教育,也就是说,所有的孩子都必须上学读九年书,完成小学和初中的学业。学生想继续学习,就得通过各种不同水平的考试。升高中或中专,得通过入学考试。学生经过2-3年的学习后,如果想上大学,就得通过全国大学入学统考。
   学前教育
   3一6岁的儿童就近上幼儿园,学认字和其他一些基本的知识。在幼儿园里,孩子们玩游戏、唱歌、跳舞和表演。他们从小就受“真善美”的教育。
   小学教育
   小学是六年制。在学校里,学生上语文、初等算术和德育等课程。此外还有体育课和课外活动。外语,如英语,在小学高年级是选修课。
   中学教育
   中学教育分两个阶段,即三年初中和三年高中。从初中开始,学生就学习像化学、物理和生物等理科课程和历史、地理、外语等文科课程,并大力提倡体育活动。
   高中教育是初中的继续,学生要上文、理科各种指定的课程。此外,每年还组织各种不同水平的竞赛以鼓励学生努力学习,其中各种“奥林匹克”竞赛尤其令人关注。竞赛的目的是为全国大学入学统考作准备。考试一般按文、理科分别进行。
   高等教育
   高等教育是为国家的发展培养各种专门人才。专科学校有两年制和三年制,大学本科有四年制和五年制。获得学士学位的学生可报考研究生。

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答案    Education System in China
   China has adopted a nine-year compulsory schooling system, which means all children are required to attend school for at least nine years. Students have to complete both the primary school program and the junior middle-school program. Further education is only for those students who have passed examinations of all levels. Students must pass the entrance examination for senior middle schools or secondary technical schools. After two or three years, they have to go through the national college entrance examination for admission to universities.
   Pre-school Education
   Children aged from 3 to 6 will attend kindergartens in their neighborhoods, where they learn the basics of the native language and other subjects. They play games, dance, sing and act. Children are taught from the early years the values of Truth, Kindness and Beauty.
   Primary School Education
   Primary school education requires six years. Pupils are required to take a variety of subjects such as the Chinese language, fundamental mathematics and moral education. They also take part in sports and extracurricular activities. Foreign languages such as English are optional courses in the senior years of primary education.
   High School Education
   High school education has two parts, the 3-year junior high school program and the 3-year senior high school program. From junior high school, students begin to learn a variety of science subjects such as chemistry, physics and biology and other subjects such as history, geography, and foreign languages. Physical education is enthusiastically encouraged.
   Senior high school education is a continuation of junior high school. Students take specific subjects in either science or humanity subjects. Many contests are organized annually at all levels to encourage their study. The "Olympic Series" are the most noticeable ones, whose purpose is to prepare the students for the national college entrance examination. Examinations are designed separately for science and arts students.
   Higher Education
   Higher education in China is to train specialists for all the sectors of the country’s development. Universities, colleges and institutes offer four- or five-year undergraduate programs as well as special two- or three-year associate-degree programs. Students who have obtained a Bachelor’s degree may apply to enter graduate schools.

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