2. 职称英语
  3. ①坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，着力培育壮大新动能，经济结构加快优化升级。②紧紧依靠改革破解经济发展和结构失衡难题，大力发展新兴产业，改造提升传统产业，

①坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，着力培育壮大新动能，经济结构加快优化升级。②紧紧依靠改革破解经济发展和结构失衡难题，大力发展新兴产业，改造提升传统产业，

游客2023-12-28  18
问题     ①坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，着力培育壮大新动能，经济结构加快优化升级。②紧紧依靠改革破解经济发展和结构失衡难题，大力发展新兴产业，改造提升传统产业，提高供给体系质量和效率。
    ③高速铁路运营里程从9,000多公里增加到2万5千公里、占世界三分之二，高速公路里程从9.6万公里增加到13.6万公里，新建改建农村公路127万公里。新建民航机场46个，开工重大水利工程122项，完成新一轮农村电网改造，建成全球最大的移动宽带网。④五年来，发展新动能迅速壮大，经济增长实现由主要依靠投资、出口拉动转向依靠消费、投资、出口协同拉动，由主要依靠第二产业带动转向依靠三次产业共同带动。⑤这是我们多年想实现而没有实现的重大结构性变革。
    ⑥推进供给侧结构性改革，必须破除要素市场化配置障碍，降低制度性交易成本。⑦针对长期存在的重审批、轻监管、弱服务问题，我们持续深化“放管服”改革，加快转变政府职能，减少微观管理、直接干预，注重加强宏观调控、市场监管和公共服务。
选项
答案     ①With a commitment to treating supply-side structural reform as our main task, we have focused on fostering new growth drivers to speed up economic structural upgrading. ②We have persevered in relying on reform to overcome economic difficulties and address structural imbalances, made a big push to foster emerging industries, overhauled and strengthened traditional industries, and improved the quality and performance of the supply system.
    ③China’s in-operation high-speed railways have grown from over 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers, accounting for two thirds of the world’s total. Our expressways have grown from 96,000 to 136,000 kilometers. We have built or upgraded 1.27 million kilometers of rural roads, built 46 new civilian airports, and begun work on 122 major water conservancy projects. We have completed the latest round of rural power grid upgrading, and put in place the largest mobile broadband network in the world. ④Over the past five years, new growth drivers have rapidly grown in strength. Economic growth, in the past mainly driven by investment and exports, is now being fueled by consumption, investment, and exports. In the past dependent mainly on secondary industry, growth is now powered by a combination of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. ⑤This is a major structural transformation that for years our sights have been set on, but we were always unable to achieve.
    ⑥Advancing supply-side structural reform demands removing barriers to market-based allocation of the factors of production and reducing government-imposed transaction costs. ⑦To address the longstanding issues of excessive emphasis on approval procedures, insufficient attention to regulatory processes, and a failure to provide strong services, we have been consistently deepening reform to delegate powers, improve regulation, and strengthen services. We have sped up efforts to transform government functions, reduced micromanagement and direct intervention, and done more to improve macro-control, market regulation, and public services.
解析     1. ①句由三个分句组成，翻译时我们应该注意句子间的逻辑关系，可选择第二个分句为主句，剩下的两个分句分别使用with结构和连接短语in order to或不定式to do来表达，译作with a commitment to…we have focused on fostering new growth drivers to…，使译文的主次更加分明，逻辑更加清晰。
    2.③句中“高速铁路运营里程从9,000多公里增加到2万5千公里、占世界三分之二”，这两个分句在原文中虽由顿号连接，但分析后可知它们之间并非简单的并列关系，后面的信息实际上是对前面信息做进一步的解释说明，翻译时可以采用非谓语结构，译作China’s in-operation high-speed railways have grown accounting for…. 突出原文的逻辑关系，使译文的层次感更加突出。
    3.③句中“建成全球最大的移动宽带网”，翻译时可以按照原文的结构处理成finish building the world’s largest mobile broadband network，也可以借用英文短语put，一in place来传达“建成”之意，译作put in place the largest mobile broadband network in the world，使译文的语言显得更加地道、自然。
    4.④句中“经济增长实现由……转向……”，对于此类句意较为复杂的中文句，翻译时可以灵活处理，采用 “中—中—英”的方式，即先对原文进行意思梳理，理解为“经济增长过去由……拉动，现在由……拉动”，然后译作Economic growth，in the past mainly driven by investment and exports，is now being fueled by…，这样可以使得语言清晰流畅，更加符合地道的英文表达。
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