首页
登录
职称英语
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and sp
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and sp
游客
2023-12-23
20
管理
问题
Research into self-awareness consistently shows that most people think and speak highly of themselves. Time and again, subjects see positive traits as more self-descriptive than negative ones, they rate themselves more highly than they rate others, they rate themselves more highly than they are rated by others, they overestimate their contribution to team efforts, and they exaggerate their control over life events. It’s not that we consciously flatter ourselves, either. The response is more like a mindless reflex. In fact, when subjects are busy or distracted as they make self-ratings, the judgments they come up with are quicker and even more favorable.
Most people also exhibit "unrealistic optimism", a tendency to predict a uniquely bright and rosy future for themselves. College students asked to predict their own future compared to that of their classmates believed, on average, that they were more likely to graduate higher in their class, get a better job, earn a higher salary, have a happier marriage, and bear a gifted child. They also believed that they were less likely to get fired, become depressed, become involved in a car accident, or suffer from a heart attack. Many other examples illustrate this point—as when voters predict that their favored candidate will prevail and sports fans bet on their favorite teams to win.
Psychologists used to agree that an accurate perception of reality is vital to mental health. More and more, however, this view is being challenged by research on positive illusions. Are these illusions a sign of well-being or symptoms of disorder?
In 1988 two psychologists reviewed the relevant research and noticed that people who are mildly depressed or low in self-esteem have less inflated and sometimes more realistic views of themselves than do others who are better adjusted. Their self-appraisals are more likely to match appraisals of them made by neutral others, they are less likely to exaggerate their control over uncontrollable events, and they make more balanced predictions about the future. Based on these results, psychologists arrived at the provocative conclusion that when it comes to the self, positive illusions—not accurate perceptions of reality—promote health and well-being. In their words, "these illusions help make each individual’s world a warmer and more active and beneficent place in which to live." In fact, research involving people under stress—such as people with serious illnesses—shows that perceived control, optimism, and other positive beliefs are "health protective" psychological resources that help people cope with adversity.
Others are not so sure that eternal optimists are better off than hard realists. They argue that positive illusions can give rise to chronic patterns of self-destruction—as when people escape from self-awareness through the use of drugs and deny health-related problems until it s too late for treatment. In studies of interpersonal relations, people with inflated rather than realistic views of themselves were rated less favorably on certain dimensions by their own friends. In these studies, self-enhancing men were seen as assertive and ambitious, which are OK, but also as boastful, condescending, hostile, and inconsiderate. Self-enhancing women were seen as more hostile, more defensive and sensitive to criticism, more likely to overreact to minor setbacks, and less well liked by others. Consistent with these findings, other research shows that people filled with high self-esteem are more likely to lash out angrily in response to criticism, rejection, and other bruises to the ego. The result. People with inflated self-images may make a good first impression on others but they are liked less and less as time wears on. [br] Paragraph 1 mentions all of the following as evidence that people think highly of themselves EXCEPT______.
选项
A、people consider themselves to be better than others
B、people think they have more control of their lives than they really do
C、people think about themselves as often when they are busy as when they are not busy
D、people believe that their participation in a team is more important than the participation of others
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3299746.html
相关试题推荐
下面你将听到一段有关城市规划与环保的讲话。[originaltext]Withtwo-thirdsofpeopleexpectedtoli
下面你将听到一段有关青少年发展的讲话。[originaltext]Today,thereare1.8billionyoungpeople
Bioinformaticsisanewcomputersoftwaretechnologythatmakesresearchfinding
Bioinformaticsisanewcomputersoftwaretechnologythatmakesresearchfinding
[originaltext]Peopleappeartobeborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsof
[originaltext]Peopleappeartobeborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsof
Manyyoungpeopledoubtthattheirdreamsforthegoodlifecouldevercometrue
Manyyoungpeopledoubtthattheirdreamsforthegoodlifecouldevercometrue
Manyyoungpeopledoubtthattheirdreamsforthegoodlifecouldevercometrue
Accordingtothespeaker,whatdopeopleoftenthinkaboutastronomers?[br][o
随机试题
IntotheUnknownTheworldhasneversee
[originaltext]Ihavebeenteachingforalongtime,andindoingsoIhave
下列场所可不设置排烟设施的是()。A.某商场的中庭 B.某公司建筑面积
下列有关插座的安装,说法错误的是()。A.单相三孔及四孔的接地线或接零线均应在
《内经》所说"阴阳之征兆"是A.寒与热 B.水与火 C.上与下 D.内与外
可以设点并销售批准的非处方药的城乡集贸市场是A.边远地区的城乡集贸市场B.少数民
不属于普萘洛尔的作用是A.阻断β受体,抑制心脏 B.减慢心率 C.降低血压
快速、持续、无法预测的竞争环境要求企业规模小、结构简化,同时要有足够的技术储备和
目前评价营养状况最普遍和最重要的方法是A.上臂肌围 B.体重 C.身高和体重
下列关于离职面谈的说法,错误的是()。A.离职面谈有助于了解员工离职的原因,融
最新回复
(
0
)