首页
登录
职称英语
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that c
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that c
游客
2023-12-14
45
管理
问题
Teachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that children develop at different rates. Given anything that resembles a well-rounded life — with adults and other children to listen to, talk to, do things with — their minds will acquire naturally all the skills required for further learning.
Take for example, reading. The two strongest predictors of whether children will learn to read easily and well at school are whether they have learned the names and the sounds of letters of the alphabet before they start school. That may seem to imply that letter names and sounds should be deliberately taught to young children, because these skills will not happen naturally.
But in all the research programs where they have done just that — instructed children, rehearsed the names and sounds over and over — the results are disappointing. The widely accepted explanation is that knowledge of the alphabet for it to work in helping one to read, has to be deeply embedded in the child’s mind. That comes from years of exposure and familiarity with letters, from being read to, from playing with magnetic letters, drawing and fiddling with computers.
So parents can do some things to help, although many do these things spontaneously. Instead of reading a story straight through, the reader should pause every so often and ask questions but not questions which can be answered by a yes or no. Extend their answers, suggest alternative possibilities and pose progressively more challenging questions.
And with arithmetic do not explicitly sit down and teach children about numbers, but all those early years count when walking up steps. Recite nursery rhymes. Talk to children. Say this is a red apple, that is a green one. Please get three eggs out of the fridge for me.
The technical term in vogue for this subtle structuring of children’s early learning is "scaffolding". Based on recent extensions of the work of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky the idea is that there are things a child may be almost ready to do. Anna, for example, cannot tie a shoelace by herself, but if an adult or a competent child forms one of the loops for her, she will soon learn to do the rest. Applying this concept to older children, one wonderful teacher has her children keep lists of "Words I can Almost Spell".
While this has all the hallmarks of common sense, it represents a significant change of emphasis from the idea of Piaget, which have dominated the theory of early childhood learning. The child in Piaget’s theory looks, more than anything, like a little scientist — exploring the environment, observing, experimenting, thinking and slowly coming to his or her conclusions about how the world works. The image is of a rather solitary pursuit with all the real action in the child’s head.
The Vygotsky model re-introduces all the people who also inhabit the child’s world—parents, care-givers,relatives, siblings and all those other children at play or school. They are not simply noise, clattering in the background while the child’s developing mind struggles on its own. The cognitive development of the child, that is, the learning of colors or numbers or letters — depends on learning how to interact socially, how to learn from the people (as well as the things) in the environment.
What is important is that the child develops the range of social skills — being able to express a preference, knowing how to take rums, being able to stand up for themselves, being able to get into a group, being able to make decisions, being able to share, having confidence to go off on their own. These all require careful nurturing. No one is telling parents not to think about their children’s development.
It is just that it is more important to think about a child’s desire to chat and the importance of social behavior and play activity, than the actually more trivial markers of intellectual achievement such as being the first kid in the group to cut a circle that looks like a circle. [br] Which is the best title of the passage?
选项
A、Vygotsky’s Theory
B、Good Qualities in a Student
C、Children Develop Differently
D、How to Raise a Bright Child
答案
D
解析
这是就整体提问的题,Vygotsky’s Theory只是文章后一部分的重点,不能涵盖整篇文章,所以A不对。文章的侧重点是讲成年人如何培育孩子,所以B不对。C的侧重点也是在孩子身上,反映不出成人的作用和任务,所以只有D包括了问题的双方。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3271546.html
相关试题推荐
Inmanyclassroomsaroundthecountry,teachersareemphasizing,andperiodica
Inmanyclassroomsaroundthecountry,teachersareemphasizing,andperiodica
Inmanyclassroomsaroundthecountry,teachersareemphasizing,andperiodica
Inmanyclassroomsaroundthecountry,teachersareemphasizing,andperiodica
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
BritishEducationⅠ.BritishEducationActsA.
Itisestimatedthatthenumberoffemaleteachersaccountsfor60-70%ofth
随机试题
[originaltext]InearlySeptember,Trinidad’sstate-ownedsugarcompanymade
German’sEducationSystem[A]Germanyinventedthemod
"Professor’sOffice"[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_1021_20121[/img][br]Whic
TheRMSTitanicslippedoutoftheharborinSouthampton,England,onApril
[originaltext]Whatisthebestwaytocatchsomeonewhoistellingalie?F
A. B. C.f′(x0)=0且f′(x0)>0 D.f′(x0)=0或
某依法必须招标的工程建设项目施工招标,共有3家单位投标,评标时发现某一投标人的安
注册税务师于2012年8月审核某企业纳税情况时发现,2011年11月该企业以60
(2020年真题)企业仓储管理的主要任务有()。A.仓储设施规划和利用
A.血清AFP B.血清CA125 C.血清β-HCG D.血清雌激素
最新回复
(
0
)