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Growing up starved of calories may give you a higher risk of heart disease 50 years on, research suggests. Researchers in The Netherlands tracked the heart health of Dutch women who lived through the famine at the end of World War II. Those living on rations of 400 to 800 calories a day had a 27% higher risk of heart disease in later life. It’s the first direct evidence that early nutrition shapes future health, they report in the European Heart Journal. The Dutch famine of 1944-45 gave researchers in Holland a unique opportunity to study the long-term effects of severe malnutrition in childhood and adolescence. A combination of factors—including failed crops, a harsh winter and the war-caused thousands of deaths among people living in the west of The Netherlands. (10)The women, who were aged between 10 and 17 at the time, were followed up in 2007. The team found those who were severely affected by the famine had a 27% greater risk of developing heart disease than those who had enough to eat.