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  3. Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave

Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave

游客2023-09-07  35
问题     Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States—we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.
    The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent." In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.
    As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit. What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is "no exit" when it comes to children. "Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional, and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their role for 18 years, or longer if needed. "
    While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children’s welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue(不断积累) to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow’s productive citizenry(公民). In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investment of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.
[br] What is Professor Anne Alstott’s argument for parental support?
选项 A、The cost of raising children in the U. S. has been growing.
B、Good parenting benefits society.
C、The U. S. should keep up with other developed countries.
D、Children need continuous care.
答案 B
解析 细节题。根据题干中关键词Professor Anne Alstott定位文章第三段第一句As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues，justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that，in some sense，society must pay for．(正如耶鲁大学法学教授Alane Alstott所持的观点：为父母养育孩子辩护取决于将家庭定义为对社会有益的单位，而在某种意义上，社会必须为这种益处付出代价。)选项A和D在第三段中均有涉及，但不是Professor Anne Alstott对家庭养育孩子的论证，同时该段中后面也阐述了社会期望，也需要家长对孩子付出关爱。因此，教授的主要观点可以概括为有良好教养的孩子能造福社会。所以选B。
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