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A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weaknes

游客2023-09-05  26
问题     A recurring criticism of the UK’s university sector is its perceived weakness in translating new knowledge into new products and services.
    Recently, the UK National Stem Cell Network warned the UK could lose its place among the world leaders in stem cell research unless adequate funding and legislation could be assured. We should take this concern seriously as universities are key in the national innovation system.
    However, we do have to challenge the unthinking complaint that the sector does not do enough in taking ideas to market. The most recent comparative data on the performance of universities and research institutions in Australia, Canada, USA and UK shows that, from a relatively weak starting position, the UK now leads on many indicators of commercialisation activity.
    When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities. Evidence suggests the UK’s position is much stronger than in the recent past and is still showing improvement. But national data masks the very large variation in the performance of individual universities. The evidence shows that a large number of universities have fallen off the back of the pack, a few perform strongly and the rest chase the leaders.
    This type of uneven distribution is not peculiar to the UK and is mirrored across other economies. In the UK, research is concentrated: less than 25% of universities receive 75% of the research funding. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and licence income. The effect of policies generating long-term resource concentration has also created a distinctive set of universities which are research-led and commercially active. It seems clear that the concentration of research and commercialisation work creates differences between universities.
    The core objective for universities which are research-led must be to maximise the impact of their research efforts. These universities should be generating the widest range of social, economic and environmental benefits. In return for the scale of investment, they should share their expertise in order to build greater confidence in the sector.
    Part of the economic recovery of the UK will be driven by the next generation of research commercialisation spilling out of our universities. There are three dozen universities in the UK which are actively engaged in advanced research training and commercialisation work.
    If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle. [br] What does the author think of UK universities in terms of commercialisation?
选项 A、They have lost their leading position in many ways.
B、They fail to convert knowledge into money.
C、They do not regard it as their responsibility.
D、They still have a place among the world leaders.
答案 D
解析 根据题干中的UK universities和commercialisation将本题出处 定位到第3段末句。文章首段提出人们对英国高校在将知识到产品服务转化方 面的批评，第二段介绍英国大学在干细胞研究领域恐将失去世界领先地位，两 段都没有作者的观点表述。文章在第三段首次出现转折，作者先是对人们的抱 怨提出质疑，接着指出英国在许多商业活动领域仍然处于世界领先地位，[D]项 是对第三段末句的同义转述，故为答案。[A]说“他们已经在多方面失去了领先 地位”，与作者的观点相反。[B]说“他们没能将知识转为金钱”，作者未提及金 钱。文中作者并未提到大学不将商业化视为自己的责任，故排除[C]。
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