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Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.

游客2023-08-25  26
问题     Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
    Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength as the global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
    Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8°F(1℃)rise of the Earth’s temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong or stronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
    Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. More water vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strength and head toward land.
    Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding the maximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as it passed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power right before colliding with New Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
    The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experienced over the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(将人类摧垮的)storms. But the ongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of the worst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean with multiple Category 5 storms every year.
    " Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is the primary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center for Ice and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surface temperature increases was more than Girnstead and his colleagues had anticipated. The entire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
    Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest on record. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth’s temperatures have risen faster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. The primary cause, a consensus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane.
    Past hurricanes have supported the study’s finding that global temperature rise is linked to more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, while the frequency of storms doesn’t appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones has risen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, but comprehensive hurricane data doesn’t exist. [br] Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?
选项 A、It did not lose its strength as it moved.
B、It claimed over 200 people’s lives.
C、It caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.
D、It lasted for full 24 hours.
答案 B
解析 事实细节题。本题考查飓风卡特里娜的细节。定位句提到“卡特里娜飓风在抵达新奥尔良州之前威力大增，其巨大的破坏力致使200余人丧生，并造成了800亿美元的经济损失”，故答案为B)。A)“在移动过程中没有减弱”，定位句提及在经过佛罗里达州时有所减弱，故排除；C)“飓风给佛罗里达州造成800亿美元的损失”与文意不符，故排除；D)“持续24小时”，定位句是指以最强姿态持续24小时，而非仅仅持续24小时，故排除。
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