首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] "Stereotype" may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing ba
[originaltext] "Stereotype" may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing ba
游客
2023-08-12
66
管理
问题
"Stereotype" may sound like a bad word, but there’s nothing bad about it. For one thing, stereotypes are often accurate. When you ask people about their concept of stereotypes, they get it pretty much right. Also, stereotypes are often positive, particularly of groups that we ourselves belong to. Some of the statistical generalizations may be positive as some groups have reputations for being smart, for being loyal, for being brave, for all sorts of things that are not at all negative. And so there’s nothing inherently wrong about stereotypes.
But there are problems with stereotypes. For one thing, they’re reliable insofar as they’re based on unbiased samples. But a lot of the information we get about human groups is through biased sources like how they’re represented in the media. And if these sources don’t give you an accurate depiction, your stereotype won’t be accurate.
For example, many Jews have been troubled by Shakespeare’s depiction of Shylock. If the only Jew you know is Shakespeare’s Shylock, it’s going to be a very bad impression. So one problem with stereotypes is while we are good at drawing conclusions from them, often our information isn’t reliable.
A second problem is that stereotypes, regardless of whether or not they’re accurate, can have a negative effect on the people that they apply to. And this is what psychologist, Claude Steele, described as stereotype threat. He has a vivid example of this. Here’s how to make African-Americans do worse on a math test. You have the test and you put on the test that they have to identify their race. The very act of acknowledging that they are African-Americans when given a test ignites in them thoughts of their own stereotype which is negative regarding academics and that makes them do worse. Want to know how to make a woman do worse on a math test? Same thing, get her to write down her sex.
One recent study found a sort of clever twist on this. When Asian-American women are given a test and they’re asked to mark down their race, they do better than they would otherwise do. They’re reminded of a positive stereotype that boosts their morale. You ask them, on the other hand, to mark down their sex, they do worse because they’re reminded of a negative stereotype. That’s an example of how stereotypes have a potentially damaging effect on people.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. What does the speaker say about stereotypes?
20. What leads to the bias of stereotypes?
21. What does the speaker say is a problem with stereotypes?
22. What did one recent study find about stereotypes?
选项
A、They do more harm than good.
B、They have often been ignored.
C、They do not help build friendship.
D、They may not always be negative.
答案
D
解析
讲座开头讲话者指出,虽然“固有印象”听起来是个贬义词,但其实并非如此。接下来,讲话人给出了这一说法的依据,说明有些固有印象是正面的,有些固有印象其实还十分准确。之后又话锋一转,指出固有印象也确实有些问题。因此答案为D)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2920379.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Toomanydegreesareawasteofmoney.Thereturnonhighere
[originaltext]Toomanydegreesareawasteofmoney.Thereturnonhighere
[originaltext]Toomanydegreesareawasteofmoney.Thereturnonhighere
[originaltext]TheEuropeanCentralBankreleasedanewroundofmeasuresto
[originaltext]TheEuropeanCentralBankreleasedanewroundofmeasuresto
[originaltext]TheEuropeanCentralBankreleasedanewroundofmeasuresto
[originaltext]TheWorldHealthOrganizationsaysanincreasingnumberofin
[originaltext]TheBermudaTriangleisoneofthegreatestmysteriesofthe
[originaltext]LauraStraubisaveryworriedwoman.Herjobistofindfami
[originaltext]LauraStraubisaveryworriedwoman.Herjobistofindfami
随机试题
【S1】[br]【S4】√
Possessingacargivesamuchgreaterdegreeof______,enablingthedrivertomo
Theyarehavingtheirhouse(paint)______.painted他们正粉刷房子。本题要求过去分词作宾补。
人们用它来辟邪。Itisusedtowardoffevilspirits.汉语原句的主语为较为宽泛的“人们”,宾语为“它”,英译时,可把原主语“人
ThreefactorscontributetothemiraculousspreadofEnglish【C1】______an
[originaltext]TheRevolutionresultinginAmericawasthemostsignificant
汽车客运站的建筑等级,根据年平均日旅客发送量分为几级?()A.三级 B.四
洋地黄中毒的常见表现为A.心电图QT间期缩短 B.心电图ST—T改变呈鱼钩
杜某,22岁,人流术后1周,出现下腹疼痛、发热、腰痛、阴道分泌物混浊等症状,白细
男,58岁。上颌牙列缺失4年,下颌牙列完整,曾两次塑料基托上颌全口义齿修复,均使
最新回复
(
0
)