"The world’s environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss." If that were an

游客2023-08-09 24

问题 "The world’s environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss." If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog(烟雾)to global climate change, from the felling(砍伐)of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.
After all, the world’s population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900(or 1950, or indeed 1980), the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.
But they don’ t. The reasons why they don’ t, and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why today’s environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.
Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the material, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long- term trend has been downwards.
It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign(良性的)trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise. Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy. If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this. [br] According to the author, most students______.

选项 A、believe the world’ s environment is in an undesirable condition
B、agree that the environment of the world is not as bad as it is thought to be
C、get high marks for their good knowledge of the world’ s environment
D、appear somewhat unconcerned about the state of the world’ s environment

答案 A

解析细节题。根据most students定位到第一段“The world’s environment issurprisingly healthy．Discuss．”If that were an examination topic，most students wouldtear it apart，offering a long list of complaints：from local smog to global climate change，from the felling of forests to the extinction of species“‘全球环境非常好。请做出讨论。’如果这是一个考试题目的话，大多数学生会把试题撕碎，列出一长串的抱怨：从当地的烟雾污染到全球的气候变化，从砍伐森林到物种灭绝。”可知学生撕碎题目是对题目的不认可，有很多抱怨说明全球环境不好。和A选项“全球环境并不理想”意思一致，其中undesirable表示“不受欢迎的，不理想的”。所以A选项为答案。

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