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  3. The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

游客2023-08-08  16
问题    The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died【C1】______from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
   Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will【C2】______the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
   Traffic has become【C3】______with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply【C4】______to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is【C5】______, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne【C6】______as they wear out.
   Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are【C7】______for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its【C8】______and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this【C9】______, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can【C10】______double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
   A) alternate F) merged K) prematurely
   B) crown G) miniatures L) simply
   C) determine H) opting M) switching
   D) generated I) particles N) synonymous
   E) locating J) peak O) trend [br] 【C10】
选项
答案 L
解析 [语法判断]空格所在句句子成分完整，空格前面是情态动词can，后面为动宾结构double the traffic，因此空格处需要填入副词。[语义判断]上文以伦敦M25高速公路为例，指出铺设新路并非解决交通堵塞的好办法，其使用者将会知道新道路很快就会挤满更多的车辆。空格所在句继续以美国为例说明将道路规模扩大一倍会使交通流量增加一倍，从而使我们回到起点。因此，空格处需要填入一个强调“将道路规模扩大一倍”会导致“交通流量增加一倍”这一结果的副词。由此确定副词simply“仅仅，只是”为本题答案。
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