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  3. The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air

游客2023-08-08  16
问题    The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the world’s urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation guidelines, and an estimated 4.5 million people died【C1】______from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
   Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will【C2】______the everyday lives and health of the coming generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
   Traffic has become【C3】______with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars in the next two decades. But simply【C4】______to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is【C5】______, while brakes, tyres and roads all create tiny airborne【C6】______as they wear out.
   Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people especially are【C7】______for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached its【C8】______and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this【C9】______, instead of laying new roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London’s orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size of a road can【C10】______double the traffic, taking us back to the starting point.
   A) alternate F) merged K) prematurely
   B) crown G) miniatures L) simply
   C) determine H) opting M) switching
   D) generated I) particles N) synonymous
   E) locating J) peak O) trend [br] 【C7】
选项
答案 H
解析 [语法判断]通过分析句子结构可知，空格位于while连接的并列分句中，从句的主语是young people，空格前有系动词are，空格后为介宾结构for other means of travel，由此推断空格处需要填入动词的分词形式或形容词，与be动词搭配构成谓语或者系表结构，而且空格处所填单词能与for搭配。[语义判断]逗号前的句子指出，在发达国家，随着更多的人搬到市中心，汽车的使用量正在下降。空格所在句意在说明年轻人会使用其他的出行方式。因此，空格处所填词应与后面的for other means of travel搭配表达“使用其他的出行方式”的意思。备选词中符合以上要求的只有opting，opt for…是固定搭配，意为“选择……”，由此确定答案为H)。
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