2. 职称英语
  3. Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的) sense we share

Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的) sense we share

游客2023-07-02  29
问题     Sleep is very ancient. In the electroencephalographic (脑电图仪的) sense we share it with all the primates (灵长类动物) and almost all the other mammals and birds: it may extend back as far as the reptiles (爬行动物).
    There is some evidence that the two types of sleep, dreaming and dreamless, depend on the life style of the animal, and that predators (食肉动物) are statistically much more likely to dream than prey, which are in turn much more likely to experience dreamless sleep. In dream sleep, the animal is powerfully immobilized (使固定不动) and remarkably unresponsive to external stimuli. Dreamless sleep is much shallower, and we have all witnessed cats or dogs cocking their ears to a sound when apparently fast asleep. The fact that deep dream sleep is rare among prey today seems clearly to be a product of natural selection, and it makes sense that today, when sleep is highly evolved, the stupid animals are less frequently immobilized by deep sleep than the smart ones. But why should they sleep deeply at all? Why should a state of such deep immobilization ever have evolved?
    Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep is to be found in the fact that dolphins and whales and aquatic mammals in general seem to sleep very little. There is, by and large, no place to hide in the ocean. Could it be that, rather than increasing an animal’s vulnerability, Ray Meddis of London University has suggested this to be the case. It is conceivable that animals that are too stupid to be quite on their own initiative are, during periods of high risk, immobilized by the implacable arm of sleep. The point seems particularly clear for the young of predatory animals. This is an interesting notion and probably at least partly true. [br] Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
选项 A、Evolution of Animal’s Sleep.
B、Two Types of Sleep.
C、The Original Function of Animal’s Sleep.
D、Animals and Sleep.
答案 A
解析 本文三段虽然讨论的内容各有侧重，但是都谈到了睡眠在各种动物中的差异以及发展的历史，具体用词如下：第1段第1句中的ancient，最后一句中的extend back；第2段最后一句中的evolved；第3段第1句中的original function。A比较准确地归纳了本文大意。B只是概括了第2段的内容；C只提及第3段的论述内容；D似乎涵盖了三段内容，但是过于宽泛，不够具体。
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