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  3. Text 2 An article in Scientific America

Text 2 An article in Scientific America

资格题库2022-08-02  28
问题 Text 2 An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that,actually,you think you’re more beautiful than you are.We have a deepseated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of selfenhancing strategies to research into what they call the“above average effect”,or“illusory superiority”,and shown that,for example,70%of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership,93%in driving and 85%at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into selfaffirming situations.We become defensive when criticized,and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem,we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into selfenhancement and attractiveness.Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others,he asked them to identify an original photograph of themselves’from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive.Visual recognition,reads the study,is“an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”.If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image—which must did—they genuinely believed it was really how they looked.Epley found no significant gender difference in responses.Nor was there any evidence that,those who selfenhance the must（that is,the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real）were doing so to make up for profound insecurities.In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher selfesteem.“I don't think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”,says Epley.“It's a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’.If you are depressed,you won't be selfenhancing.Knowing the results of Epley's study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves viscerally—on one level,they don't even recognize the person in the picture as themselves.Facebook therefore,is a selfenhancer's paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos,the cream of their wit,style,beauty,intellect and lifestyles.“It's not that people's profiles are dishonest”,says Catalina Toma of Wiscon—Madison university,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.Epley found that people with higher selfesteem tended to______A.underestimate their insecuritiesB.believe in their attractivenessC.cover up their depressionsD.oversimplify their illusions
选项 A.underestimate their insecurities
B.believe in their attractiveness
C.cover up their depressions
D.oversimplify their illusions
答案 B
解析 细节题【命题思路】这是一道细节题。主要考查了对长难句的把握和划分，考生只要能够读懂第四段第三句话即可得出正确答案。【直击答案】根据题干可以回文定位到第四段第三句话“In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher selfesteem.”。该句意为：事实上那些认为改良过有较大吸引力的照片是自己真正的照片的人也正是那些自信心较高的人。由此可见，B项，相信他们的吸引力，是正确答案，“thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real”是对原文的同义替换。【干扰排除】第四段第二句提到，没有证据表明自我提高这一必要性是为了弥补不安全感（insecurities），而文中并没有提到不安全感和自信心之间的关系，因而A项属于无中生有。C项中的“cover up”（掩盖）并没有在文中提及，故排除。D项“使他们幻想中的自己过于简单化”与原文信息不符。事实上，有较高自信心的人会将自己幻想得比真实面貌更具有吸引力，而非更简单，故排除。
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